俄罗斯被控滥用国际刑警组织（在线收听）

俄罗斯被控滥用国际刑警组织

LONDON— Russia is abusing the global law enforcement agency Interpol by requesting the arrest and extradition of political opponents, according to a new report. Such requests can mean that the accused are unable to travel and are often unable to open bank accounts.

Interpol’s 190 member countries can apply for what’s called Red Notices — urgent requests for the arrest and extradition of criminal suspects on other members’ territory. David Satter is with the Henry Jackson Society of British-based policy group, "in fact the Red Notices are very easy to get. And Interpol operates on trust. So Interpol is ripe to be abused.”

国际刑警组织的190个成员国可以申请所谓的红色通缉令，也就是紧急要求逮捕并引渡在其他成员国领土上的犯罪嫌疑人。戴维·赛特就职于总部在伦敦的政策组织亨利·杰克逊协会，“事实上红色通缉令很容易得到，国际刑警组织是基于信任运作的，所以该组织容易被滥用。”

Moscow is accused repeatedly abusing the system by requsting Red Notices against political opponents.

莫斯科被控多次滥用该系统，要求对政治反对派发布红色通缉令。

“There are many people in Russia who are unfairly charged," Satter added. "They’re charged for political reasons. Russia is habitually taking these false charges to Interpol and making it difficult if not impossible for these people to travel.”

“俄罗斯有很多人被不公正地指控，他们因政治原因被指控。俄罗斯经常向国际刑警组织做出错误指控，使得这些人难以进行旅行，如果不是无法旅行的话。”

Russia maintains the accused have charges to answer for and insists they would face a fair trial.

俄罗斯坚称需要追究被控者的责任，并坚称这些人将面临公正的审判。

Among those who have been subjected to Red Notice requests by Russia is Bill Browder, chief executive of Hermitage Capital. Browder’s lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, was killed in prison in 2009 after being jailed for his efforts to investigate state corruption.

受到俄罗斯红色通缉令伤害的有比尔·布劳德，他是赫密塔吉基金管理公司总裁。布劳德的律师谢尔盖·马格尼茨基因调查政府腐败案被捕，2009年在狱中被杀。

Moscow charged Browder with fraud and requested a Red Notice for his arrest, which was turned down.

莫斯科指控布劳德以诈骗罪，并要求用红色通缉令将之逮捕，该请求遭到拒绝。

“They're trying to do things like have me extradited back to Russia, send Interpol after me and various other types of administrative actions," he said. "But if they saw an opening when they could do it and not get caught, they would kill me in a heartbeat.”

“他们企图这么做来把我引渡到俄罗斯，让国际刑警组织或采取其他各种行政手段来追捕我。但如果他们可以这么做而不被逮住，就可以分分钟钟杀死我。”

In October last year, a Bulgarian court ruled against a Red Notice requesting the extradition to Russia of Kremlin political opponent Nikolay Koblyakov on fraud charges. Koblyakov said the decision was vital to uphold European principles of justice.

去年10月份，保加利亚法院否决了要求以诈骗指控将克里姆林宫政府反对派尼古拉·可波亚科夫引渡到俄罗斯的红色通缉令请求，可波亚科夫称该决议对于捍卫欧洲正义原则来说很关键。

Interpol highlights its independent monitoring body, the Commission for the Control of Interpol’s Files, which is designed to avoid potential abuse against David Satter. “But it doesn’t work very well and it doesn’t work in all cases," Satter said. "And if countries like Russia are going to continually abuse the institutions of Interpol, then those institutions should not be available to them.”

国际刑警组织强调其独立的监督机构国际刑警组织文件控制委员会，该组织旨在避免对戴维·赛特进行可能的虐待。“但是效果不是很好，不是对所有案件都管用。如果像俄罗斯这样的国家准备继续滥用国际刑警组织，那么这些机构将不再对其开放。”

Interpol declined to be interviewed, but it issued a statement rejecting claims that it is open to abuse and saying that it is up to each country to decide what legal value to give Red Notices within their borders.

国际刑警组织拒绝接受采访，但发布了一份声明，否认本机构容易被滥用，称要由各个国家在其国界内决定给红色通缉令何种法律价值。