but also attentively studies the faces of horses, birds, serpents, and fish; 还仔细地研究马匹、鸟类、巨蟒和鱼类的面孔，

and dwells in detail upon the modifications of expression discernible therein. 把其中各种可加辨别的容貌变化都详述无遗。

Nor have Gall and his disciple Spurzheim failed to throw out some hints touching the phrenological characteristics of other beings than man. 迦耳和他的门徒斯柏深对于除了人类以外的其它各种生物的骨相特征也提出了若干看法。

Therefore, though I am but ill qualified for a pioneer, in the application of these two semi-sciences to the whale, I will do my endeavor. 因此，虽则在对大鲸使用这两种半科学的方法上，我还远远不够个先驱者的资格，可我还是要勉力一试。

I try all things; I achieve what I can. 我什么事都要试一试，尽力达到目的。

Physiognomically regarded, the Sperm Whale is an anomalous creature. 从相术上说来，抹香鲸是一种异态的动物。

He has no proper nose. 它没有一只真正的鼻子。

And since the nose is the central and most conspicuous of the features; 但是，因为鼻子是相貌的最为显眼的主要器官，

and since it perhaps most modifies and finally controls their combined expression; 因为鼻子也许是最能修饰，具有决定性地操纵整个相貌外表的器官，

hence it would seem that its entire absence, as an external appendage, must very largely affect the countenance of the whale. 因此，作为一种外部的附属物说来，鼻子竟告绝迹，势必大大影响到大鲸的尊容了。

For as in landscape gardening, a spire, cupola, monument, or tower of some sort, is deemed almost indispensable to the completion of the scene; 因为，正如布置园景一样，一亭一阁，一石一碑，或者各类大塔小塔，差不多都被认为是构成整个景致之不可或缺的东西，

so no face can be physiognomically in keeping without the elevated open-work belfry of the nose. 所以，在相术上说来，面孔而没有一只高高隆起的、有如透雕细工的钟塔的鼻子，那简直是不可想象的。

Dash the nose from Phidias's marble Jove, and what a sorry remainder! 如果把菲迪亚斯那个大理石的约芙像上的鼻子给敲碎了，那可是多么令人惋惜的一件残品呀！