VOA常速英语2018--美国民众厌恶媒体（在线收听）

Thursday at the Newseum of Washington museum, dedicated to defending freedom of the press, visitors get a glimpse of what some see as a mass pushback against accusations of fake news. Over 300 news outlets are participating in an effort, organized by the Boston Globe to run coordinated editorials denouncing what the paper called ‘a dirty war’ against the free press.

周四，在华盛顿的新闻博物馆里，在致力于捍卫媒体自由的氛围下，参观者们见识了大规模抵制的浪潮，这是对指控新闻虚假的抵制。有300多家媒体参与其中，这次活动是《波士顿环球报》组织的，目的是发表联合社论，抨击以自由媒体为讨伐对象的文章《肮脏战争》。

The reason they’re doing these editorials is because the criticism of the press has been so blatant. It’s been so constant that this is sort of a push back on their part to educate the American public about the importance of a free press.

他们之所以撰写这样的社论是因为对媒体的苛责愈发猖獗。媒体一直备受苛责，所以这次是媒体的一次回击，他们要让美国公众明白自由媒体的重要性。

Fake, fake, disgusting news. Donald Trump’s attacks on the press have been a regular theme of his presidency, labeling the media ‘the enemy of the people’. The president’s remarks have led to criticism that he does not value the media’s independent role in a democracy. White House press secretary Sarah Sanders rejects that and continues to blame the media. Frankly, if we want to look at who’s creating divisions in the country, I think the media has done more to divide this country certainly far more than this president ever has. Trump often refers to negative coverage as fake news. Republicans were more likely to take on a negative view of the press.

虚假新闻，令人作呕。攻击媒体是特朗普担任总统期间的家常便饭，他给媒体贴上了“人民的敌人”这样的标签。特朗普的言论招致了批评之声，有人认为特朗普不重视媒体在民主国家所发挥的独立作用。白宫新闻秘书萨拉 桑德斯(Sarah Sanders)否认了这种说法，依然继续谴责媒体。实话实说，要想看是谁给国家制造分裂，那我认为媒体的“贡献”远大于特朗普总统。特朗普经常将负面报道称作虚假新闻。共和党更容易对媒体产生消极看法。

A recent EPSA survey shows that four out of five Republicans feel that the mainstream media treats President Trump unfairly. But according to a recent Gallup poll, Americans’ negative attitude towards the media has not necessarily been created by Trump. When you look at the overall numbers, we don’t see huge changes in the Americans perceptions of the media, maybe ticking up a little, up not down, because Democrats have become a little more defensive about the media. But I have to reinforce that we’ve seen very negative attitudes towards the news media for a number of years, long before Donald Trump thought about running for president.

最近EPSA做了一项调查，该调查表明4/5的共和党认为主流媒体对特朗普刻意抹黑报道。但最近的一项盖洛普民意调查显示，美国对媒体的消极看法并不是特朗普造成的。看一下整体数据，就会发现美国人对媒体的看法并没有很大变化，满意度有上升一些，虽然没有下降，这是因为民主党对媒体的观点更为保守了。但我必须要强调的是：我们对媒体的负面看法积怨已久，特朗普上任的很久之前就有了。

But activists are still concerned about the impact of Trump’s fake news accusations towards the public discourse. The aggregate of factors to make it difficult to have serious policy discussions in the United States, because people who are fans of President Trump, who actually takes seriously what he says, even though such a high proportion of it is false, can’t engage in a real conversation with the rest of the public who had was operating on a different set of understandings of what reality is. Animosity towards the press has also promoted safety concerns, according to the US press freedom tracker .31 American journalists have been attacked in 2018.

但有活动家依然很担心特朗普指责虚假新闻的行为会对舆论造成怎样的影响。各种因素加在一起，让美国很难实现严肃的政策讨论，因为支持特朗普的人会相信他所说的话，就算特朗普言论中很大一部分都是假的，但还是会导致公众很难促成真实的讨论，就算特朗普的非支持者对于事实的理解是另一番样子。公众对媒体的敌意让人们更加担心安全问题，这是美国新闻自由追踪机构的数据。2018年，曾有31名美国记者遭受过攻击。