美国国家公共电台 NPR Instrument-Makers Learn A Long-Overdue Lesson: It Isn't Just Men Playing Guitar（在线收听）

Instrument-Makers Learn A Long-Overdue Lesson: It Isn't Just Men Playing Guitar

AILSA CHANG, HOST:

Pop and hip-hop dominate today's music charts, so it's not surprising there have been a number of articles proclaiming the death of guitar rock. But as Allyson McCabe reports, rock and guitars are still plenty popular, and some guitar makers are starting to recognize that players come in all shapes, sizes and genders.

ALLYSON MCCABE, BYLINE: When Sadie Dupuis started playing guitar in her early teens, she didn't think of herself as a female guitarist.

SADIE DUPUIS: I knew that I was the only girl in my high school who played, but it wasn't really until I started touring as an adult and seeing how few women were on bills that it started to really matter to me that I was a woman who could play technically challenging parts.

MCCABE: And she does in the band Speedy Ortiz.

(SOUNDBITE OF SPEEDY ORTIZ SONG, "LEAN IN WHEN I SUFFER")

MCCABE: But on the band's current tour, Dupuis says she still deals with gendered expectations.

DUPUIS: A guy walked up to me after our set up, and he said, you know, you're actually really good for a guh (ph) - guitarist and he, like, caught himself before he told me that I was actually really good for a girl.

MCCABE: When leading guitar maker Fender conducted a consumer survey in 2015, it was surprised to discover that women made up half of first-time guitar buyers. Andy Mooney is Fender's CEO.

ANDY MOONEY: That was a big surprise to us because I think if you asked most people in the company or in the industry what the gender mix was, they would have said maybe 70-30 or maybe even 80-20 male to female.

MCCABE: Mooney acknowledges that outdated assumptions may have contributed to sales declines over the last decade. The nation's largest instrument retailer, Guitar Center, is facing more than a billion dollars in debt. Guitar maker Gibson filed for bankruptcy earlier this year and privately held Fender's debt is estimated at $100 million.

MOONEY: There was probably a misconception in the industry that everybody who bought a guitar for the first time wanted to be a long-haired guitar god. That's a very small percentage of the total universe - less than 10 percent.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

MCCABE: In the 19th century, women often performed parlor music on small, gut-stringed guitars. In the 20th, some even took to the concert stage, including classical guitarists Luise Walker and Ida Presti...

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

MCCABE: ...Electric jazz guitarist Mary Osborne...

(SOUNDBITE OF MARY OSBORNE'S "HOW HIGH THE MOON")

MCCABE: ...And Sister Rosetta Tharpe, who helped pioneer rock 'n' roll.

(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "UP ABOVE MY HEAD")

SISTER ROSETTA THARPE: Let's do that again (playing guitar).

MCCABE: But female guitarists have historically been seen as novelties or not seen at all. When Tish Ciravolo bought her first bass guitar in the mid-1980s, she says the sales man was only interested in talking with her boyfriend.

TISH CIRAVOLO: We walk in and the guy behind the counter that's the sales guy and my boyfriend both kind of have a conversation about how I want to learn how to play bass and what bass would be really good for me. So they decide what bass I should buy.

MCCABE: Nevertheless, Ciravolo remained dedicated to the instrument. One day, her young daughter drew a picture of a daisy. Ciravolo saw a guitar for girls, and she launched Daisy Rock. In 2001, she took a few of her instruments to the National Association of Music Merchants' annual trade show.

CIRAVOLO: I was on the NAMM show floor in a sea of black guitars showing a cute pink Daisy, and a thousand people in four days came by and said that'll never work - every guy. That'll never work. Girls don't come into music stores.

MCCABE: But they did. They saw Miley Cyrus play a Daisy Rock on "Hannah Montana." Taylor Swift and Adam Levine play Daisy Rocks, too. Ciravolo expanded her line, eventually selling over a half million guitars to date. Others tried to follow suit, but ads in magazines like Guitar World didn't show women actually playing guitars.

FABI REYNA: When I was 13, I would go to the music magazine section, and their covers were always these naked or bikini-wearing models, not players.

MCCABE: That's guitarist Fabi Reyna. Five years ago, right after her 20th birthday, Reyna founded a DIY magazine called She Shreds. Two years ago, her readers successfully campaigned Guitar World to stop using bikini-clad models to hawk guitars. She Shreds' circulation has grown to 40,000, and close to half its readers are male.

REYNA: You know, She Shreds has existed simply because we have promoted visibility. We are for women, but we're about women for everybody.

MCCABE: That change in attitude is reflected in Fender's 2015 survey data, which indicates that first-time players are diverse with respect to gender and genre. CEO Andy Mooney says they don't seem to need that guy behind the music store counter anymore.

MOONEY: We estimate now that about 50 percent of total units sold in North America are sold consumer direct in some shape or form.

MCCABE: To reach potential customers online, Fender has grown its social network and invested heavily in digital ads like this one featuring the all-female band Warpaint.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

THERESA WAYMAN: We all pretty much stay on the same instruments.

EMILY KOKAL: They're kind of our best friends in this outfit.

MCCABE: But the future of guitar rock isn't dependent on sales alone says Speedy Ortiz frontwoman Sadie Dupuis. She doesn't reject the female guitarist label. Instead, she seeks to transform it into a positive.

DUPUIS: And I really try to make my stage presentation pretty - I don't know - princess feminine because I do think that even when people who aren't men get interested in rock music, sometimes they only see masculine presentation as, like, the way that you're allowed in. And I don't think that should be the case at all.

MCCABE: While the industry and society catch up, Dupuis says it's important to show fans that guitars and rock are for everyone. For NPR News, I'm Allyson McCabe.