VOA慢速英语2019 含有大量鸡蛋的饮食可能导致心脏病（在线收听）

Diet Containing Lots of Eggs May Be Linked to Heart Disease

A new report links eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease. The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy.

一项新报告指出，吃鸡蛋会增加患心脏病风险。这项结果发布之前，早前的几份研究称吃鸡蛋通常是健康的。

The JAMA Network Open published the new report in March. It combines data from six other earlier studies. It shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the average number of eggs a person ate each day increased by half an egg.

《美国医学会杂志网络公开版》在3月份发表了这项新报告。该报告结合了其他6项早期研究的数据。研究显示，如果一个人平均每天吃半个鸡蛋，其患心脏病的风险就会增加6%。

Norrina Allen, who co-wrote the report, is an associate professor of preventative medicine at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago.

诺瑞娜·艾伦（Norrina Allen）是这项报告的撰写人之一，她也是芝加哥西北大学范伯格医学院预防医学科副教授。

She told the Reuters news service that, in the United States, eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol in a person’s diet. Individuals with higher levels of cholesterol in their diet are at increased risk for the development of heart disease later in life, she said.

她告诉路透社，在美国，鸡蛋通常是人们日常饮食中的胆固醇的主要来源之一。她表示，饮食中胆固醇含量高的人，其晚年患心脏病的风险会更高。

However, Allen added that she would not say that eggs are completely unhealthy.

然而，艾伦补充称，她不是说鸡蛋完全不健康。

“I’m not advocating people take them completely out of their diets,” she said. “I’m just suggesting that people eat them in moderation.”

她说，“我并非提倡大家不要吃鸡蛋，我只是建议人们适量食用。”

Allen’s team examined data gathered from six studies that involved a total of 29,615 people. Earlier researchers had followed these people for an average of 17.5 years. At the start, the people answered questions about the foods they ate. But they were not asked about their diets at any time after that.

艾伦的团队研究了涉及29615人的6份研究的数据。早期的研究人员对这些人进行了平均17年半的跟踪调查。刚开始，参与者回答了有关所吃食物的问题。此后，他们再未被问及饮食方面的问题。

Over time, there were 5,400 cardiovascular-related incidents among the group. This included 2,088 deadly and non-deadly heart disease events and 1,302 deadly and non-deadly stroke events. It also included 1,897 deadly and non-deadly heart failure events and 113 other deaths from cardiovascular disease.

随着时间推移，这组参与者中出现了5400起与心血管疾病相关的病例。其中包括2088起致命和非致命的心脏病病例、1302起致命和非致命的中风病例。还包括1897起致命和非致命的心力衰竭病例，以及113起其他心血管疾病的致命病例。

After examining the data, Allen’s team found a link between egg consumption as reported at the start of the study and people’s risk of developing heart disease. As their egg consumption rose, so did their risk.

通过对数据研究后，艾伦的团队发现，研究开始时报告的鸡蛋摄入量与他们患心脏病的风险有关。鸡蛋摄入量越多，患病的风险越大。

Some experts believe the new study does not prove that eggs were causing heart disease.

一些专家认为，新研究无法证明鸡蛋会导致心脏疾病。

Cholesterol’s role in the development of heart disease has been discussed for more than 30 years, said Dennis Bruemmer. He is a heart specialist with the Heart and Vascular Institute and an associate professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Bruemmer noted that several past studies have tried to measure how much of the cholesterol in a person’s overall diet comes from eggs. Each has produced different results.

丹尼斯·布鲁默（Dennis Bruemmer）说，胆固醇在心脏病发展中所扮演的角色已经被讨论了30多年。他是心脏和心血管研究所的心脏病专家，也是匹兹堡大学医学中心的医学副教授。布鲁默指出，过去的几项研究试图衡量人们的饮食中有多少胆固醇是从鸡蛋中摄取的。每一项研究的结果不尽相同。

“This study does have clear limitations, including self-reporting at a single time point,” he added. “This limits its validity.”

他指出，“这项研究确实存在明显的局限性，包括在单个时间点做自我报告。这一点限制了其有效性。”

Eggs contain a lot of cholesterol - about 200 milligrams. That is the highest daily amount recommended under current guidelines.

鸡蛋含有大量胆固醇——一个鸡蛋约含200毫克胆固醇。这是目前饮食规则中所建议的胆固醇最高日摄入量。

Bruemmer said, “Eggs in moderation are probably acceptable from a nutritional standpoint.” Moderation, he added, is “less than one egg a day on average, including eggs in foods such as bread.”

布鲁默表示“从营养的角度看，适量食用鸡蛋是可以接受的。”他补充说，“适量”是指“平均每天食用的鸡蛋不超过一个，包括面包等其他食物中所含的鸡蛋。”

Holly Andersen agrees that the study has “real limitations.” She is a heart specialist and director of education at the Ronald O. Perelman Heart Institute at the New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center.

霍利·安德森（Holly Andersen）对该研究“切实的局限性”表示认可。她是纽约长老会威尔康奈尔医学中心罗纳德·O·佩雷尔曼心脏研究所的心脏专家和教育主任。

One issue Andersen has with the study is that a lot of the egg-eating people in the study also appeared to be eating large amounts of meats and processed meats.

安德森认为该研究存疑的一点是，研究中食用鸡蛋的人似乎也食用大量的肉类和加工肉类。

“If you’re consuming a huge amount of processed meats, it doesn’t matter how many eggs you’re eating,” Andersen said.

安德森说，“如果你食用了大量的加工肉类，那么你吃多少鸡蛋已经没有参考价值了。”

Also, Andersen said, the study is observational, meaning it can only show there is a link between egg consumption and heart disease. But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also consuming a lot of bacon, Andersen said.

安德森还表示，这项研究是观察性研究，意味着它只能表明鸡蛋摄入量与心脏病之间存在关系。但是无法证明鸡蛋是导致心脏病的罪魁祸首。安德森说，因为食用大量鸡蛋的人可能也食用了大量的培根。

Words in This Story

cholesterol – n. a substance that is found in the bodies of people and animals

advocating – v. supporting or arguing for a cause or policy

in moderation – n. in a way that is reasonable and not excessive

cardiovascular – adj. of or relating to the heart and blood vessels

stroke – n. a serious illness caused when a blood vessel in your brain suddenly breaks or is blocked

consumption – n. the act of eating or drinking something

validity – n. the quality of being real or correct

bacon – n. thin strips of salted and smoked meat from the sides and the back of a pig