VOA常速英语2019--美国新任打击反犹太特使上线（在线收听）

U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has sworn in Elan Carr as the new United States Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism. In that role, he will advise Secretary Pompeo on policies and programs concerning anti-Semitism and will represent the U.S. abroad on the issue.

Special Envoy Carr broadly defined anti-Semitism as hostility toward or prejudice against Jews, either the Jewish people or the Jewish religion. He said it manifests itself in many forms: It can be denying or minimizing the Holocaust. It could be acts of violence against Jews… It can be attacks on Jewish institutions. It can be demonization of the state of Israel or the denial of the Jewish people its right to self-determination in its ancient homeland.

Special Envoy Carr noted that criticism of the policies of Israel, just like criticism of the policies of the United States, is entirely acceptable. However, the criticism has to be fair, he cautioned:

For example, if Israel is criticized for exercising its inalienable right to defend itself from the onslaught coming from Gaza or from Hezbollah, then that’s a double standard and a double standard in not fair criticism of Israel. A double standard is defined as anti-Semitism.

Today, anti-Semitism is also a component in terrorism and violent extremism, said Special Envoy Carr:

We find actually that many terrorist organizations, those on the far left, those on the far right, those coming from radical Islam, adopt anti-Semitism as a core defining feature of those movements which is why it’s so important to fight anti-Semitism. Fighting anti-Semitism isn’t only about protecting Jewish people… but fighting anti-Semitism is a way to make the world a better place.

Indeed, anti-Semitism can be viewed as history’s greatest barometer of human suffering, noted Mr. Carr. Every society that has embraced anti-Semitism has rotted to its core and produced human suffering at a level that defies description. We certainly saw that in Nazi Germany… but also throughout history, observed Mr. Carr.

So, fighting anti-Semitism, stressed Special Envoy Carr, is a moral obligation that we have not only for the Jewish people but for our countries, for our societies, for continents and for the kind of world we want our children to inherit.

美国国务卿蓬佩奥见证了伊兰·卡尔为新一任打击和监督反犹主义的特使。该职位的职责是为国务卿蓬佩奥提供政策建议和项目建议，项目都与反犹主义有关。在反犹主义问题上，他在外将代表美国的立场。

特使卡尔给反犹主义下了一个广义的定义：对犹太的恶意或者偏见。这里的犹太既指犹太人，也指犹太教。他表示，这种恶意与偏见可以多种形式表现，可以是：否认大屠杀，或者将大屠杀的影响最小化；针对犹太的暴力行为；针对犹太组织的袭击；将以色列国妖魔化或者否认犹太人具有自己决定远古家园的权利。

特使卡尔表示，批评以色列政策的行为，就像批评美国政策一样，是完全可以接受的。不过，这种批评必须是公正的，他警示道：

比如，如果以色列因行使不可剥夺的权利而受到批评，而这种权利是防御自己不受加沙和真主党袭击的话，那么批评以色列的人就是双标，这种双标将以色列摆在了被无辜谴责的一面。反犹太就是双标。

如今，反犹太是恐怖主义和暴力极端主义的组成部分，特使卡尔表示：

实际上，我们发现，很多恐怖组织，很多极左和极右的恐怖组织，很多来自极端伊斯兰的恐怖组织，他们都将反犹太视为其行动的一个核心要素。正因如此，打击反犹太就有极为重要的意义。代价反犹太不只是为了保护犹太人民……也是因为打击反犹太是一种让世界变得更好的方法。

卡尔表示，实际上，反犹太可被视作历史上人类苦难最重要的晴雨表。每个支持反犹太的社会都已经腐烂至极，其内部人类所遭受的苦难罄竹难书。我们在纳粹德国中可以看到反犹太的影子，在历史上也一直可以看到反犹太的影子，卡尔如是说道。

特使卡尔表示，因此，打击反犹太是一种道德义务，这不仅是我们对犹太人应负的责任，也是对我们国家、社会、美洲大陆乃至全球应负的责任，我们希望子孙后代也能传承这项使命。