VOA常速英语2019--自动驾驶汽车的上路问题有望得到解决（在线收听）

The promise of autonomous vehicles is profound: less traffic, less pollution, fewer deadly accidents, but autonomous vehicles still have a lot to learn, so researchers and engineers are building huge test tracks, like this one in Sweden, to teach autonomous vehicles how to be safe. They are all about the self-driving vehicles, so we have four test environments, one city, rural road or countryside road, the very flexible open high speed area, and then there’re a few searches of highway as well. And those are the typical situations that you want to master. When going towards self-driving, this is unique. But there’s also the pedestrian problem.

People on the streets can sometimes act more quickly than an autonomous car is able to react to. So testing these days involves people or at least crash test dummies, and this vehicles programming routinely puts in situations with virtual pedestrians that force the car to react quickly, and bit by bit, these automakers say they are solving the problems that are keeping autonomous vehicles off public roads. We solved three problems. We solved the traffic jam problem. We solved the commute problem and we solved the parking problem .We believe that those three are the pain points for you know normal driving or or customers today. And solving these problems is opening the way for a world in which all kinds of driving from taxi services to trucking is unmanned. We will also see, I guess, autonomously driven vehicles, like the Nevada car going the long haul, from the point to point, between the logistic hubs you could say. So that is also a thing we see a great future.

Another safety protocol is insuring humans can take control when necessary. This truck, for instance, is being driven from a station hundreds of miles away from this test track. In 10 to 15 years, I think we will see a slight increase of things that are connected over the 5G cellular networks. It can be vehicles. It could be persons or vulnerable road users like pedestrians and bicycles. It could also be in the logistic chain. We’re delivering packages, let’s say the last mile to your home or the last mile to delivery point you called. New 5G networks will allow humans to take the wheel when the vehicles run into unusual or tricky obstacles. Consumer forecasts predict there may be as many as 5 million autonomous vehicles on the road by 2022.

无人驾驶汽车的前景无限光明：交通拥堵舒缓、污染缓解、致命车祸减少。不过，无人驾驶汽车还有许多可改进提升的地方。鉴于此，一些科学家和工程师正在打造大型的试车跑道，比如瑞典的这条跑道。这样做的目的是让无人驾驶汽车学会如何安全驾驶。这些都是为了无人驾驶汽车准备的，具体来说，我们有4种测试环境，即一条城市环境道路、一条乡村道路、一条灵活开放的高速公路，以及一些高速公路环境。这是人们希望掌控的几种典型环境。在无人驾驶方面，这是独创一格了，不过还有行人道路的问题。

道路上的行人有时候动作比无人驾驶汽车反应的要快。所以，当前的测试包括人以及碰撞试验（至少是模拟的）。这个汽车编程程序基本操作是设定情境，将虚拟行人放入其中，促使无人驾驶汽车做出迅速反应。这些汽车制造商表示，他们正在慢慢解决自动驾驶汽车无法进入公共道路的问题。我们解决了3个问题：交通拥堵问题、通勤问题、泊车问题。我们认为这3个问题是正常驾驶者或者顾客关注的痛点所在。而解决这些问题为世界打开了一道大门，让各种无人驾驶成为可能，这其中包括但不限于出租车驾驶、卡车驾驶。我认为，我们还将可以看到自动驾驶汽车，比如从内华达州来的汽车长途跋涉从一个地方到另一个地方，在各个物流枢纽间穿梭。这也是我们眼中未来的一个前景。

另外一个关于安全的设想是确保人类在必要的时候能够掌控行车。比如，这辆卡车是从距离该测试跑道数百英里外的站点出发的。未来10-15年，我认为我们将可以见证5G蜂窝网络可连接的终端种类有所增加：汽车；人，或者说弱势的道路使用者，比如行人或者骑自行车的人；物流行业——比如我们运输包裹，在还差一英里到家或者还差一英里到交货地点的时候，可以用自动驾驶。新的5G网络将允许人类掌控行车，前提是车辆遇到不常见或者不好走的障碍物。根据一些消费者预测结果，在2022年之前，将有多达500万自动驾驶汽车上路。