2019年经济学人 一周要闻 华为起诉美国政府 美国取消印度普惠待遇 Lyft申请IPO（在线收听）

America removed India from its Generalised System of Preferences, which lowers the barriers of entry for trade on certain goods, claiming that India had failed to provide equal access to its markets. Donald Trump has stepped up his complaints against India’s trade practices, notably its stiff tariffs on imports of American motorcycles. Meanwhile, in a blow to Mr Trump, America’s trade deficit in goods was $891bn in 2018, a record.

美国将印度从其普惠体系中移除，该体系旨在降低某些商品的进入壁垒，美国声称印度未能提供平等的市场准入条件。特朗普加大了对印度贸易行为的抱怨，尤其是对美国摩托车进口征收的严苛关税。与此同时，2018年美国商品贸易逆差达到创纪录的8910亿美元，这对特朗普是一个打击。

Huawei launched a lawsuit against the American government over its ban on the company’s telecoms equipment from official networks. America says that the Chinese firm represents a security threat, which it denies. In Canada a court heard America’s request for the extradition of Meng Wanzhou, Huawei’s chief financial officer.

华为起诉美国政府，原因是美国政府禁止华为电信设备进入官方网络。美国方面称，这家中国企业构成了安全威胁，但华为对此坚决否认。加拿大一家法院听取了美国引渡华为首席财务官孟晚舟的请求。

Be prepared

准备妥当

Mark Carney said that “constructive developments” had reduced the Bank of England’s estimate of the economic damage that would result from a disorderly Brexit. The bank had previously put the cost to the economy at around 8% of GDP. Mr Carney said that had fallen by about 3.5 percentage points but continued to warn of a “material” shock. The bank also reported that the potential disruption to cross-border financial services had been mitigated in Britain, but it criticised the EU for a lack of action on its part. Of the thousands of businesses that have spoken to the bank, half are unprepared for a no-deal Brexit. Of the half that do have plans, 50% claim to be “as prepared as we can be”.

马克·卡尼(Mark Carney)表示，“建设性进展”降低了英国央行对无序脱欧可能造成的经济损害的评估。此前，该行估计英国GDP将萎缩8%左右。卡尼表示，这一数字下降了约3.5个百分点，但他继续警告称，可能会迎来“实质性”的冲击。该行还报告称，英国已经减轻了对跨境金融服务的潜在干扰，但它指责欧盟方面缺乏行动。在与英国央行谈话的数千家企业中，约一半没有为“无协议脱欧”做好准备。而已经做好准备的企业中，有50%声称“已经尽力而为”。

Lyft filed for an IPO, overtaking Uber, its bigger rival in the ride-hailing business, in the race to float on the stockmarket. Lyft will probably list in April on the NASDAQ exchange. Uber is expected to launch its IPO later this year.

Lyft申请首次公开募股(IPO)，在这场上市竞争中超过在叫车服务领域称霸一隅的优步(Uber)。Lyft或将于4月份在纳斯达克上市。优步预计将于今年晚些时候启动IPO。

GAP decided to hive off its Old Navy business into a separately listed company. Old Navy sells a cheaper clothing range than GAP-branded apparel and provides almost half of the GAP company’s sales. GAP became big when it cottoned on to the fashion for pastel colours in the 1980s, but it has struggled recently, announcing more store closures.

GAP决定将旗下的Old Navy业务分离开来，单独上市。Old Navy销售的服装系列较主品牌GAP服装更便宜，占GAP公司近半的销售额。上世纪80年代，GAP主打的色泽柔和的服装畅销，因此业务不断扩大，而最近却举步维艰，宣布关闭更多门店。

Days after defeating the government’s appeal against its takeover of Time Warner, AT&T undertook a broad restructuring of the business. A newly created WarnerMedia Entertainment will house a string of assets, including HBO. The swift departure of Richard Plepler as HBO’s boss spawned comparisons to “Game of Thrones”, one of the channel’s many hits.

在政府对其收购时代华纳的上诉被驳回几天后，AT&T对业务进行了大规模重组。新成立的华纳传媒娱乐公司将获得包括HBO在内的一系列资产。HBO老板理查德·普莱普勒(Richard Plepler)的火速离职被人调侃为现实版《权力的游戏》。《权力的游戏》是HBO众多热门剧集之一。