2018年经济学人 移民:分离焦虑(2)（在线收听）

Other examples of deterrence have fared no better.

其他威慑的例子也不是很好。

Britain's government concluded from the Brexit referendum that

英国政府从脱欧公投中得出结论，

it should redouble efforts to create a "hostile environment" for immigrants.

应加大力度，为移民创造一个“敌对环境”。

It ended up sending notices to people who had arrived in Britain from the Caribbean in the 1950s,

英国最终向20世纪50年代从加勒比海来到英国的人发出通知，

ordering them to produce documents to prove they were British.

命令这些人出示证明自己是英国人的文件。

The harassment, detention and deportations that followed resulted in the resignation of the home secretary.

随后的骚扰、拘留和驱逐导致内政大臣辞职。

Likewise, in 2015 European governments argued that rescuing boats carrying migrants from north Africa merely encouraged more to risk that journey.

同样，2015年，欧洲各国政府辩称，救助从北非来的移民船只，只会鼓励更多的人冒险踏上移民旅程。

Then as many as 1,200 people drowned in ten days, and Europeans were horrified at the cruelty being meted out in their name.

之后在十天内，多达1200人被淹死，欧洲人民对以他们的名义实施的残忍行径感到震惊。

European leaders concluded that voters were not pro-drowning after all.

欧洲领导人得出结论，选民终归还是不支持让人溺水而亡。

The left often concludes from this that people calling for enforcement are cruel and racist.

左派经常从中得出这样的结论：呼吁强制执行的人是残酷的种族主义者。

But that is wrong, too.

但这也是错误的。

In principle countries must be able to secure their borders and uphold the law.

原则上，各国必须能够保护自己的边界、维护法律。

In practice a policy of neglect invites a backlash

而实际上，忽视政策会引起强烈反应，

that helps people like Matteo Salvini, leader of the Northern League (slogan: "Italians First"),

而这种强烈反应会帮助到诸如北方联盟领袖马特奥·萨尔维尼（口号是意大利人第一），

or Horst Seehofer, Germany's interior minister, who has threatened to bring down Angela Merkel.

以及威胁要让安格拉·默克尔垮台的德国内政部长霍斯特·泽霍费尔这样的人。

The outrage feeds on itself.

而震怒会不断滋长。

Mr Salvini wants to deport hundreds of thousands of migrants from Italy;

萨尔维尼先生想从意大利驱逐出去成千上万的移民；

Mr Seehofer wants to send tens of thousands of migrants to Italy.

泽霍费尔却想将成千上万的移民送去意大利。

The Platonic ideal of an immigration policy is one that has the consent of the host country.

移民政策的柏拉图式理想是东道主国的准许。

It treats migrants humanely but also firmly,

人道地对待移民，

swiftly returning those who arrived illegally or whose claims to asylum have failed.

但同时也坚决迅速地遣返那些非法入境或申请庇护失败的人。

This is easy to prescribe but hard to enact.

规定很容易制定，但却很难执行。

Courts are overstretched, many cases are hard to adjudicate and poor countries may not want their citizens back.

法院超负荷运转，许多案件难以判决，穷国可能不希望本国公民回归。

And so rich countries tend to pay poorer ones to set up vast holding-pens for humans,

富国倾向于给穷国提供援助资金，让政府为难民建立居住地，

as Italy does with Libya and the EU does with Turkey.

正如意大利对利比亚，欧盟对土耳其一样。

This involves something which would not be tolerated at home,

很难忍受在自己国家发生的事，

but is somehow acceptable because it is out of sight.

某种程度上在视线之外却可以接受。

Europeans were right to condemn the separation of children.

欧洲人对于隔离家长和孩子的谴责是正确的。

But they face a wave of migrants from their populous, poor, war-torn neighbours.

但是同时也会面临从人口众多、贫穷困苦、战火不断的邻国来的移民浪潮。

When they draw up their own policies, they should remember their discomfort this week.

欧洲人制定政策时，应该记住本周的不适。