科学美国人60秒 SSS 无麸质餐厅食物常被误贴标签（在线收听）

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔。

A lot of restaurant menus these days have gluten-free options. Problem is, many of the dishes may not be gluten-free at all.

如今很多餐厅的菜单上都有无麸质食物选项。但问题是，许多菜肴可能根本不是无麸质的。

"About a third overall, 32 percent, of gluten-free-labeled restaurant foods had a gluten-found result." Benjamin Lebwohl, a gastroenterologist and epidemiologist at Columbia University.

“总的来说，大约有三分之一，也就是32%贴有无麸质标签的餐厅食物都含有麸质。”哥伦比亚大学肠胃病学家和流行病学家本杰明·勒布沃尔说到。

His team got that 1/3 number by crowdsourcing data from 804 restaurant patrons, who used handheld gluten-testing devices to scan more than 5,600 restaurant food samples from across the U.S.

他的团队从804名餐厅顾客的众包数据中得出了三分之一这个数字，这些顾客用手持麸质测试设备扫描了全美5600多家餐厅的食物样本。

The devices can detect gluten at slightly lower levels than the maximum concentration the FDA allows for packaged foods—20 parts per million. So there could be some harmless false positives in the data.

该设备能检测到比美国食品药品管理局（简称FDA）所允许的包装食品麸质最高浓度百万分之20稍低的含量。因此，数据中可能存在一些无害的假阳性。

But we suspect given that large proportion that this is clearly a bigger problem than in packaged food, where probably less than two percent of all packaged food has detectable gluten of greater than 20 parts per million.

但考虑到如此大的比例，我们怀疑这显然是更大的问题，在所有包装食品中，能检测到麸质超过百万分之20的比例可能不超过2%。

The results are in The American Journal of Gastroenterology.

研究结果发表在《美国胃肠病学期刊》上。

For those who need to avoid gluten for health reasons, Lebwohl has a few tips. "Food that was tested around dinnertime was more likely to have gluten than food earlier in the day." And avoid allegedly gluten-free pizzas and pastas, he says, which scored more violations than other dishes. More than half of all pizza and pasta dishes tested positive for gluten.

勒布沃尔为因健康原因需要避免麸质的人提供了几条建议。“与当天早些时候测试的食物相比，晚餐前后测试的食物更可能含有麸质。”他说，要避开声称无麸质的披萨和意大利面，这两种食物的违规次数比其它食物更多。超过一半的披萨和意大利面的麸质测试结果为阳性。

So a salad, for lunch, might be a safer bet.

午餐吃沙拉可能更保险。

Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。