国家地理 凯撒利亚（在线收听）

An underwater museum is open for visitors off the coast of Israel in the ancient town of Caesarea.

在以色列海岸附近的凯撒利亚古镇，一个水下博物馆向游客开放。

The Port of Caesarea was commissioned by Herod the Great, King of Judaea,

该凯撒利亚港是受犹太王希律的差遣，

and the harbor quickly became the main political and economic artery of the Roman Empire.

港口迅速成为罗马帝国的主要政治和经济中心。

Recent archaeological work that started in the 1950s brought the partially sunken port back to life, along with Caesarea's above-ground wonders.

上世纪50年代开始的最新考古工作使部分沉没的港口恢复了生机，凯撒利亚的地上奇观也重现于世。

Today the land level and underwater archaeological treasures are open to visitors.

今天，陆地和水下考古宝藏对游客开放。

Over the years, archaeologists have drawn four main diving paths,

多年来，考古学家们绘制了四条主要的潜水路线，

showcasing the best archaeological material discovered, from ancient anchors to shipwrecks and stones showing the wonders of Roman engineering

展示发现的最好的考古材料，从古代的锚到沉船和展示罗马工程奇迹的石头，

and the techniques used to create the old harbor wall.

以及用来建造旧港湾壁的技术。

"We cover practically all of the points that you can see on this map.

“我们几乎覆盖了你在这张地图上看到的所有点。

All along the harbor walls, uh...each point is the point of interest.

沿着港湾壁，呃……每个点都是吸引点。

For example, some of the points relate to the engineering aspect of the wall.

例如，一些点与墙的工程方面有关。

You can see the different ways the engineers, the different techniques the engineers used to create this huge harbor wall.

你可以看到工程师们用不同的方式，用不同的技术建造了这个巨大的港湾壁。

Some of them relate to cargo that ancient ships brought, and for some reason they sank."

其中一些与古代船只带来的货物有关，由于某种原因，它们沉没了。”

The desire to capture the secrets and principles of Roman harbor installations

渴望获得罗马港口设施的秘密和原则，

and compare them to those of the Greeks and Phoenicians inspired Professor Avner Raban

把他们和希腊人和腓尼基人比较，阿夫纳·拉班教授受到了启发，

and his team to start underwater excavations in Caesarea in 1975.

1975年，他的团队开始在凯撒利亚进行水下挖掘。

"After he died, I think it was my duty as a resident of this area and as a colleague, of Professor Raban to make his lifework known to the public whatever,

“在他死后，我认为作为这个地区的居民和拉班教授的同事，我有责任让公众知道他毕生的工作，

I think this is...it's the only underwater archaeological park in the world.

我认为这是……它是世界上唯一的水下考古公园。

In Professor Raban's time, we marked about between 20 and 30 points of interest and we've got professional divers to mark them with poles, with metal poles.

在拉班教授的时代，我们标记了大约20到30个吸引点，我们有专业的潜水员用棒做标记，用金属棒。

We attached numbers to the poles and there was also a rope leading from one pole to the next.

我们把数字刻在棒上，还有一根绳子连接着棒与棒。

So if the visibility is not perfect, the divers can direct themselves with the rope from one point of interest to the next."

因此，如果能见度不理想，潜水者可以用绳子把自己从一个吸引点引向另一个吸引点。

Theories abound as to why Herod Caesarea port sank.

关于希律凯撒利亚港沉没的原因有很多理论。

Some theories suggest an earthquake may have been the cause, while others suggest it was simply due to the passage of time.

一些理论认为可能是地震造成的，而另一些理论则认为是时间的流逝造成的。

Arenson indicates she thinks the port collapsed under its own heavy weight as the planners built such huge structures on frail sandy ground.

Arenson表示她认为港口在脆弱的沙质地面上建造如此巨大的建筑时，由于自身的重量而倒塌。