美国国家公共电台 NPR 特朗普宣布美国暂停移民60天 保护美国公民就业（在线收听）

President Trump is offering more details now about his plan to temporarily block some immigrants from coming into the United States. Last night, he said a pause of 60 days on green cards for foreigners could help protect jobs for U.S. citizens.

特朗普总统计划暂时阻止某些移民入境美国，现在他提供了这项计划的详细信息。他昨晚表示，美国将暂停为外国人发放绿卡，为期60天，这有助于保护美国公民的就业。

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

（录音档案）

PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: I want people that are in this country — I want our citizens to get jobs. I don't want them to have competition. We have a very unusual situation.

唐纳德·特朗普总统：我希望这个国家的公民——我希望我们的公民找到工作。我不想让他们有竞争。我们面临着极不同寻常的情况。

GREENE: Now, this is the latest in a series of sweeping restrictions the White House has put on immigration during this pandemic. And I want to bring in NPR's John Burnett. He covers immigration and is on the line from Austin, Texas. Hi, John.

格林：这是白宫在疫情期间对移民实施的一系列全面限制中的最新一项。下面我要连线NPR新闻的约翰·伯内特。他负责报道移民事务，现在他将从得克萨斯州奥斯汀市和我们连线。你好，约翰。

JOHN BURNETT, BYLINE: Morning, David.

约翰·伯内特连线：早上好，大卫。

GREENE: So the president, when he first announced this on social media, suggested he was ending all immigration to the U.S. It sounds like that's not necessarily the case. Explain who this covers and who it doesn't cover.

格林：总统首次在社交媒体上宣布这一消息时表示，他将暂停所有移民入境美国。现在看起来未必如此。请解释一下哪些人受限，哪些人不受限制。

BURNETT: Right. What Trump said is that people moving to this country to seek permanent residency will have to wait for at least 60 days, and he may decide to extend that further. He says it's to protect American workers, but the thing is, David, the president and his adviser, Stephen Miller, have always wanted to slow down legal immigration, and that's what human rights activists think is really behind these new restrictions.

伯内特：好。特朗普表示，移居美国寻求永久居留权者必须等待至少60天，他可能会决定进一步延长这一措施。他表示，这是为了保护美国工作者，但是大卫，总统和他的顾问斯蒂芬·米勒一直想减慢合法移民的速度，人权活动人士认为这才是制定这些新限制背后的真正原因。

American Gateways here in Austin said the policy doesn't help the economy; rather it's, quote, "xenophobic and ignorant" and is being used to scapegoat immigrants. But, you know, it's not really as bold as we expected because a whole class of guest workers, such as immigrants who harvest our food, can keep coming in.

奥斯汀市的权利组织American Gateways表示，这项政策对经济没有帮助，相反，这是“排外且无知的”举措，会让移民成为替罪羊。但是，这项政策并不如我们预期的那样大胆，因为一整类外籍劳工仍可以入境美国，比如为我们收割食物的移民。

GREENE: Well, if that's the case, how many people are we actually talking about here?

格林：如果是这样的话，那我们现在谈论的到底涉及多少人？

BURNETT: Well, the U.S. gives out hundreds of thousands of green cards a year. But remember that much of the immigration system has already ground to a halt because of the pandemic. Visa services at all U.S. embassies and consulates around the world have been suspended. Travel from Europe and China is stopped. Refugee resettlement is frozen. The northern and southern borders have been closed to all but essential traffic, and crossings there have plummeted. Just this week, those border restrictions were extended for another month.

伯内特：美国每年发放数十万张绿卡。但要记住，大部分移民系统已经因新冠疫情陷入停滞。全世界所有美国使领馆的签证服务都被暂停。来自欧洲和中国的旅行也被暂停。难民重新安置工作被冻结。除必要的交通外，美国北部和南部边境全部关闭，目前开放的过境点也所剩无几。就在本周，这些边境限制措施又延长了一个月。

GREENE: But, John, it sounds like, from what you're saying, that the larger context here is really important, that the president may be doing some things in this pandemic that he and his policy advisers wanted to do all along. So can you talk about the situation at the border broadly right now?

格林：但是约翰，从你介绍的情况来看，大背景相当重要，即总统可能在疫情期间做了他和政策顾问一直想做的事情。你能大致介绍一下目前边境的情况吗？

BURNETT: Well, Trump has effectively shut out people who come to the U.S. border asking for asylum, and here, again, that's been another long-term goal of this White House. Immigration agents are using an order from the CDC to immediately expel anyone who crosses the border without authorization. They say it's needed to protect America from immigrants who may be carrying the virus. This means, whether it's an undocumented immigrant crossing the border to look for work or seek asylum, they're being processed and turned around and sent home, sometimes inside of two hours. Customs and Border Protection reports nearly 14,000 people have been expelled since that CDC order went into effect a month ago.

伯内特：实际上，特朗普是将来到美国边境寻求庇护的人拒之门外，这是白宫另一个长期目标。移民局官员正在利用美国疾控中心的命令，即刻驱逐任何非法越境者。他们说，这是为了保护美国公民免受可能携带病毒的移民的伤害。这意味着，无论非法移民越境是为了找工作还是为了寻求庇护，他们都会被处理，并被遣返回国，有时两个小时以内就能处理完毕。美国海关与边境保护局报告称，自一个月以前美国疾控中心的命令生效以来，已有近1.4万人被驱逐出境。

And this has really riled up critics. They say the United States has effectively canceled asylum and that's against the law. Here's Andrew Selee. He's president of the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington.

这激怒了批评人士。他们认为，这相当于美国已经取消了庇护，而这违反法律。下面是安德鲁·塞利所说。他是华盛顿无党派机构移民政策研究所所长。

ANDREW SELEE: The administration has clearly gotten what they wanted on border control. And the question will be, do they let up on this as the pandemic passes or is — was this really just a convenient way of getting what they always wanted, which is making it almost impossible to get across the U.S. border, even to request asylum?

安德鲁·塞利：政府显然已经得到了他们想要的边境控制。问题是，疫情过后，他们是会放松管控，还是这真的只是他们获得自已想要的东西的便捷方式，使人们几乎不可能穿越美国边境，甚至是寻求庇护？

BURNETT: And Selee and some other analysts I talked to think that the government will find a way to keep these exclusionary border rules in place right on through the end of Trump's term in office.

伯内特：塞利和其他接受我采访的分析师认为，政府将找到一种方法，将这些排外的边境规定维持到特朗普的任期结束。

GREENE: All right. Speaking about the president's order here and immigration more broadly with NPR's immigration correspondent John Burnett, joining us from Austin. John, thanks so much, as always.

格林：好。以上是NPR新闻的移民记者约翰·伯奈特从奥斯汀带来的报道，介绍了总统的命令以及更广泛的移民问题。约翰，一如既往，非常谢谢你。

BURNETT: You're welcome, David.

伯内特：不客气，大卫。