2020年经济学人 电影配乐大师莫里康内(1)（在线收听）

Ennio Morricone, composer, died on July 6th, aged 91

作曲家埃尼奥·莫里康内于7月6日去世，享年91岁。

The theme may have been written well over half a century ago, but in less than three minutes you hear everything that came to matter most to him in a lifetime of composing. There is the two-note howl at the Moon—once heard, never forgotten. Musically, it is that rare fusion of heart and mind and as recognisable, in its way, as the opening notes of Beethoven’s 5th Symphony. Then there are the classic musical motifs, like those Richard Wagner scattered through the “Ring” cycle, that mark out the good man, the bad and the ugly.

这段曲子可能在半个多世纪前就创作完成了，但是，在三分钟内你就能听到他的作曲人生中对他最重要的东西。里面有对着月亮吼叫的两个音符-听过了，就永远也忘不了。从音乐上讲，这是一种难得的心灵与思想的融合，就像贝多芬第五交响曲的开头音符一样清晰可辨。此外，还有经典的音乐主题，比如理查德·瓦格纳在《尼伯龙根的指环》系列中散布的那些主题，这些主题划分出了好人、坏人和丑陋的人。

And then there is the freewheeling range of sounds with which he chose to make that music: the whistling, the yodelling, the gunfire and the squeaky ocarina, an ancient Italian wind instrument that looks like a sweet potato and is better known to a younger generation as the soundtrack of a Nintendo video game. The range and audacity of his music surprised those who might have assumed that a working-class Catholic upbringing, not a mile from the Vatican, would have produced someone conventional rather than creative.

然后，莫里康内选择了一系列随心所欲的声音来创作音乐：哨声，岳得尔调，枪声和吱吱的陶笛，一种看起来像红薯的古意大利管乐器，年轻一代更熟悉它作为任天堂电子游戏的配乐。莫里康内的音乐的范围和大胆让那些认为他是在天主教工人阶级家庭长大的人吃惊，离梵蒂冈不到一英里的地方，就会产生一个墨守成规的人而不是有创造力的人。

But the Roman enclave of Trastevere, where he was born just after Benito Mussolini came to power, was an unusual place. A historical outsider-land on the far side of the Tiber, it has tall spindly houses that, for centuries, have been home to artisanal guilds, small businesses, ancient synagogues and enterprising Jewish and Catholic families.

但就在贝尼托·墨索里尼上台后，莫里康内出生在罗马飞地特拉斯特维莱区，这是一个不同寻常的地方。它是台伯河对岸的一个历史悠久的外域，这里有高大细长的房屋，几个世纪以来，这里有手工行会、小型企业、古老的犹太教会堂以及有进取心的犹太教和天主教家庭。