美国国家公共电台 NPR 争吵四天四夜后 欧盟达成8500亿美元复苏基金协议（在线收听）

Well, after four days and nights of very tense negotiations, European Union leaders have reached an historic agreement on a pandemic recovery fund. It is worth more than $850 billion. And we should say this deal was hard won and not without drama and not without political theater.

经过四天四夜的紧张谈判，欧盟领导人就疫情复苏基金达成历史性协议。这项协议价值超过8500亿美元。我们要指出的是，这份协议来之不易，并非毫无悬念，也并非没有出现政治闹剧。

NPR's Rob Schmitz is covering all of this from Berlin. Hi, Rob.

NPR新闻的罗布·施密茨将从柏林带来详细报道。你好，罗布。

ROB SCHMITZ, BYLINE: Good morning, David.

罗布·施密茨连线：早上好，大卫。

GREENE: So I'm not being overdramatic here. I mean, this sounds like this got very tense. And...

格林：我没有夸大其词。这听起来好像很紧张。

SCHMITZ: (Laughter).

施密茨：（笑）。

GREENE: ...A deal came through really early this morning.

格林：这份协议于今天清晨达成。

SCHMITZ: Yeah. You know, picture the scene here. You've got 27 leaders in one room. It's early morning. They've been bickering all night. Each of them feels like they have to go home with a political win. So it's somewhat remarkable that this recovery package took just four days to secure unanimous agreement. The biggest sticking point was whether the money will be paid out in grants or loans. German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Emmanuel Macron originally proposed that a lion's share of the recovery package would be doled out as grants.

施密茨：对。想象一下这个场景。27名领导人在一个房间里。时间是清晨。他们整晚都在争吵。每个人都认为自已必须将政治胜利带回国。因此，这份复苏方案仅用四天就达成一致有些不可思议。最大的症结在于这笔钱是以补助还是贷款的形式发放。德国总理安格拉·默克尔和法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙最初提议，复苏方案中的大部分资金以补助金的形式发放。

But the group of countries known as the frugal four — that would be the Netherlands, Austria, Denmark and Sweden — refused to agree with that. And in the end, nearly half the aid will be distributed as loans, and a little more than half will be grants. And all 27 leaders agreed they'd take on this historic debt together. After it was all said and done, a very relieved and exhausted European Commission President Charles Michel said the process shows the strength of the European Union.

但被称为“节俭四国”的荷兰、奥地利、丹麦及瑞典拒绝同意。最后，近一半的援助将以贷款的形式发放，而略多于一半的援助资金以补助形式发放。27位领导人一致同意共同承担这一历史性债务。在一切都尘埃落定之后，非常放心但精疲力尽的欧洲理事会主席夏尔·米歇尔表示，这一过程展示了欧盟的力量。

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CHARLES MICHEL: We showed collective responsibility and solidarity. And we show, also, our belief in our common future.

夏尔·米歇尔：我们展现出了集体责任和团结。我们还表现出了我们对共同未来的信念。

GREENE: I love after four days of bickering, you can come out and just make it all sound like it came together easily.

格林：我喜欢经过四天的争吵这种表述，这听起来像很容易就达成了一致。

SCHMITZ: (Laughter).

施密茨：（笑）。

GREENE: I mean, it just doesn't sound like unity was a dominant theme here.

格林：听上去团结并不占主导。

SCHMITZ: Yeah, that was kind of spin. And it was not. I mean, in many ways, the disunity of the European Union surfaced over and over during the summit with leaders sniping at each other. At one point, Emmanuel Macron reportedly slapped the negotiating table and yelled at Austrian Chancellor...

施密茨：对，这有点像导向性陈述。但事实并非如此。从许多方面来说，欧盟的不团结在峰会期间不断浮出水面，因为各国领导一直在互相抨击。有报道称，埃马纽埃尔·马克龙曾一度拍着谈判桌对奥地利总理塞巴斯蒂安·库尔茨大喊……

GREENE: Wow.

格林：哇哦。

SCHMITZ: ...Sebastian Kurz over being too tight fisted. And Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte was nicknamed Mr. No by other leaders for his refusal to budge. Rutte also insisted that if countries like Hungary and Poland want financial aid, they should be made to adhere to EU standards for democracy and the rule of law. And that angered Hungary's prime minister, Viktor Orban. Here's what he said.

施密茨：马克龙称对方过于吝啬。荷兰首相马克·吕特因为拒绝让步而被其他领导人昵称为“不先生”。吕特还坚称，如果匈牙利和波兰等国想要经济援助，那就应该让他们遵守欧盟的民主和法治。这激怒了匈牙利总理欧尔班·维克托。以下是他的发言。

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PRIME MINISTER VIKTOR ORBAN: I don't know what is the personal reason for the Dutch prime minister to hate me or Hungary. But he's attacking so harshly and making very clear that because Hungary, in his opinion, does not respect the rule of law, must be punished financially. That's his position which is not acceptable.

匈牙利总理欧尔班·维克托：我不知道荷兰首相恨我或匈牙利的个人原因为何。但他的攻击非常严厉，而且清楚地表明，他认为匈牙利不尊重法治，必须受到经济上的惩罚。他的立场完全不可接受。

SCHMITZ: But David, in order to get Hungary and Poland to vote for this budget and recovery package, EU leaders were forced to water down these rule-of-law conditions.

施密茨：但是大卫，为了让匈牙利和波兰投票支持这份预算和复苏方案，欧盟领导人被迫降低了这些法治条件。

GREENE: It's just so amazing. You and I have covered these summits with leaders. Often, they're so staged and scripted. This sounds very much the opposite.

格林：这真的非常不可思议。我们报道过这种各国领导人出席的峰会。通常，他们会照本宣科。但这听起来似乎完全相反。

SCHMITZ: (Laughter).

施密茨：（笑）。

GREENE: And they weren't just talking about this recovery package for the pandemic, right? I mean, they were also voting on a seven-year budget that's worth more than a trillion dollars.

格林：他们不仅谈论了疫情复苏方案，对吧？他们还就一项价值超过1万亿美元的七年预算案进行了投票。

SCHMITZ: Yeah, this was a big negotiation. I mean, this budget is a greener budget than we've seen before. It supports programs that belong to what is called the European Green Deal. It'll also spend more on the sorely needed digitization of Europe's economy. But when it goes to the European Parliament for ratification later this year, it is expected to face some challenges because it did not tackle concerns about how Poland and Hungary are violating rule-of-law standards. But in the end, it will likely pass because the EU is facing its biggest recession since the Great Depression, and it needs all the help it can get.

施密茨：对，这是重大谈判。这份预算案比我们之前看到的预算案更加环保。该方案支持隶属于欧洲绿色协议的项目。方案还将在迫切需要的欧洲经济数字化方面投入更多资金。该方案计划今年晚些时候提交欧洲议会批准，预计届时会面临一些挑战，因为这份方案没有解决波兰和匈牙利违反法治标准的担忧。但最终，该方案很可能会获得通过，因为欧盟面临着自大萧条以来的最大规模衰退，需要所有能得到的帮助。

GREENE: NPR's Rob Schmitz covering some tense negotiations and a big deal in Europe. He's reporting from Berlin. Rob, thanks so much.

格林：以上是NPR新闻的罗布·施密茨就欧洲的紧张谈判和重大协议进行的报道。他是从柏林带来的报道。罗布，非常谢谢你。

SCHMITZ: Thank you.

施密茨：谢谢。