VOA常速英语2020--美国重启联合国对伊朗的制裁（在线收听）

Next, an editorial reflecting the views of the United States government. The United States has initiated the restoration of virtually all United Nations sanctions that had been previously lifted under Security Council Resolution 2231, when the Iran nuclear deal, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action or JCPOA, was finalized in 2015. That same Security Council resolution gave each participant state the right to execute unconditionally the so-called ”snapback” of sanctions if Iran broke its commitments under the JCPOA. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo informed the Security Council of the decision by the United States on August 20. The sanctions will come back into effect 30 days later. The action was taken after the United States tried all diplomatic means to encourage the UN Security Council to renew the arms embargo on Iran that is scheduled to expire in October. Speaking to reporters at the United Nations, Secretary Pompeo said the message is simple: “The United States will never allow the world’s largest state sponsor of terrorism to freely buy and sell planes, tanks, missiles, and other kinds of conventional weapons. These UN sanctions will continue the arms embargo.”

以下是一篇反映美国政府政策立场的社论：美国已经重启了几乎所有联合国对伊朗的制裁，在正式名称为“联合全面行动计划”的伊朗核协议于2015年最终完成时，联合国根据安理会2231号决议案解除了相关制裁。这份安理会决议案授权每个签约国，在伊朗违背对“联合全面行动计划”的承诺时，将有权无条件执行“制裁回弹”机制。美国国务卿蓬佩奥8月20日向安理会通报了美国的决定。对伊朗的制裁将在30天后恢复生效。采取这一行动，是因为美国之前试图采用一切外交手段，鼓励联合国安理会延长原定于10月到期的对伊朗的武器禁运。国务卿蓬佩奥在联合国接受记者采访时表示，传达的信息很简单：“美国永远不会允许这个世界上最大的支持恐怖主义的国家能够自由购买并出售飞机、坦克、导弹和其它类型的常规武器。这些联合国的制裁会继续实施武器禁运”。

The snapback will also prohibit Iran from testing ballistic missiles and from ongoing nuclear activities, such as the enrichment of nuclear material that could be applied to a nuclear weapons program. “President Trump and this administration, have discarded the fiction that the regime merely seeks a peaceful nuclear program,” said Secretary Pompeo. “We will never allow Iran to have a nuclear weapon.” Secretary Pompeo noted that Iran’s close neighbors in the Middle East, including the Gulf Cooperation Council nations, have warned the Security Council about the danger from Iran and the need to stop the expiration of the arms embargo. He also voiced concern that Germany, France, and the United Kingdom, while privately saying they do not want the arms embargo lifted, are doing nothing to prevent it from happening: “America won’t join in this failure of leadership. America will not appease. America will lead… Today’s actions put additional pressure on Iran to behave like a normal country and to come to the bargaining table.” “We call on the international community to join us in crafting a stronger deal that addresses the full range of Iran’s malign behavior,” said Secretary Pompeo, “and protects people of all nations that simply want to live free from Iranian predation.” That was an editorial reflecting the views of the United States government.

制裁回弹机制同时禁止伊朗实验弹道导弹，禁止伊朗从事核活动，包括进行可用于核武器计划的核材料浓缩。国务卿蓬佩奥表示，“特朗普总统和本届政府已经对伊朗政权只寻求和平发展核计划不再抱有幻想”，“我们永远不会允许伊朗拥有核武器”。国务卿蓬佩奥指出，包括海湾合作委员会成员国在内的伊朗的中东邻国已经向安理会发出了警告，要警惕伊朗的危险性，而且有必要延长对伊朗的武器禁运。蓬佩奥同时对德国、法国和英国表示了担忧，这三个国家私下表示不希望解除武器禁运，却没有采取任何措施阻止武器禁运的解除。“美国不会参加这种失败的领导。美国不会姑息。美国将带头……今天的行动向伊朗施加了更多的压力，要求伊朗像正常国家那样行事，走上谈判桌”。“我们呼吁国际社会与我们一道，起草一份更有力的协议，全面解决伊朗的恶意行为，”国务卿蓬佩奥说，“保护希望免遭伊朗掠夺的各国人民”。这是一篇反映美国政府政策立场的社论。