2020年经济学人 前红色高棉监狱长杜赫(1)（在线收听）

Comrade Duch (Kaing Guek Eav), supervisor of killings for Cambodia’s Khmers Rouges, died on September 2nd, aged 77

杜赫同志(康克由)是柬埔寨红色高棉屠杀的主管，他于9月2日去世，享年77岁。

As the vietnamese army closed in on Phnom Penh in January 1979, Comrade Duch was ordered to kill the prisoners remaining in his charge. He just about had time to supervise that. (Killing was not usually done in his prison, only in the fields he had designated at Choeung Ek, seven kilometres away. Unless someone slipped up.)

1979年1月，越南军队逼近金边市，杜赫同志奉命杀死仍由他负责看守的囚犯。他刚好有时间来监督。（屠杀通常不是在他的监狱里进行的，而是在七公里外他指定的琼邑克的田地里进行的。除非有人出了差错。）

He also started to destroy his archive, but did not get far. The orders from Brother Number Two, Nuon Chea, had not specifically requested that. Besides, he did not greatly want to. The archive was well over 100,000 pages, containing meticulous details of the detainees who had passed to death through his prison, Tuol Sleng, or S-21, over the previous four years. (The most exact figure given later was 15,101, but the archive was by then incomplete.) Prisoners’ weight on entering. Their photographs, with the blank look of people at the end of the line. And their confessions, in as many versions as were needed to condemn them. He kept all the versions, with defective parts crossed out in red.

他也开始销毁他的档案，但没有销毁多少。二号人物农谢在命令中并没有明确要求。再说，他也不大愿意这样做。这份档案超过10万页，包含了被拘留者的详细资料，他们在过去的四年里，在吐斯廉监狱（S-21）被判死刑。（后来给出的最准确数字是15101，但当时的档案还不完整。）里面有囚犯进入监狱时的体重。他们的照片，以及排在队伍末尾的人们茫然的表情。还有，在各种各样的给他们定罪的描述中，他们的认罪。他保留了所有罪状，把有缺陷的部分用红色划掉。

In the margins, neatly, he put comments. “Do not write these words.” “Do not play tricks.” The final acceptable confession was typed and sent to “Angkar”, the high leadership of the Communist Party of Cambodia, to Brother Number Two and Brother Number One, Pol Pot himself. That was the rule. He kept at least two copies. Each carried his decision about the prisoner: “Can be destroyed.” “Take away.” “Keep for medical experiment.” His preferred word was “smash”. That too was the party rule. At once, or later. The system he had devised at S-21 was simple, logical and perpetual.

杜赫在页边空白处整齐地写上了评论。“不要写这些话。”“不要耍花招。最后把可接受的供词打印出来，送到了“柬埔寨共产党”，送到柬埔寨共产党的高层领导，二号人物农谢和一号人物波尔布特的手里。这是规则。他保留了至少两份副本。每份中都带着他关于犯人的决定：“可以毁灭”。“带走”。“留作医学实验”。他更喜欢的词是“粉碎”。这也是柬埔寨共产党的统治。马上，或稍后。他在S-21监狱所设计的系统简单、合乎逻辑、经久不衰。