时代周刊:美国正在辜负母亲这一群体(3)（在线收听）

We also need to recognize the hypocrisy in giving mothers so little support

我们还需认识到，社会一开始就让女性很难自主选择何时生育以及是否生育，

when we make it difficult for women to choose when and whether to have children in the first place.

还给母亲们少得如此可怜的帮助是多么虚伪的手段。

Recently the Supreme Court ruled 7 to 2 to allow employers the right to deny insurance coverage for birth control.

最近，最高法院以7：2的投票结果裁定，用人单位有权拒绝为员工提供避孕保险。

In addition to preventing some women from getting pain relief from endo metriosis and heavy periods,

除了阻止部分女性因子宫内膜异位或月经过多引发的痛疼得到缓解，

this decision takes away a measure of control that can alter the entire trajectory of a woman’s life.

这一决定还剥夺了能够改变一个女性整个命运轨迹的控制措施。

Meanwhile, states like Texas and Iowa, which had already put up barriers for women seeking abortions,

与此同时，德克萨斯、爱荷华等已经为寻求堕胎的女性设置了障碍的州，

tried to use the pandemic as a cover to further erode health care access for women

还企图用疫情做掩护，从而进一步侵蚀女性获得医疗保健服务的机会，

by claiming the procedure was nonessential, a determination contradicted by leading health organizations.

他们声称这一程序并非必要，与主要卫生组织的看法截然相反。

America has the highest maternal mortality rate in the developed world

美国是发达世界孕产妇死亡率最高的国家

(a number that rises significantly for people of color),

（其中，有色人种占比尤为明显），

and in addition to taking steps to combat this disgraceful problem,

除了采取措施解决这一丢人的问题之外，

we should actually take into account the considerable risk that comes with pregnancy and childbirth

我们还应考虑怀孕和分娩带来的巨额风险，

and the long-term implications for those who are forced to become moms when they’re not ready.

以及强行让那些没有准备好的女性提前走上为人母的道路会给她们带来的长期影响。

A study by the research group ANSIRH (Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health)

加州大学旧金山分校比克斯比全球生殖健康研究中心的

at the University of California, San Francisco’s Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health

研究小组“生殖健康新标准推进”（ANSIRH）小组开展了一项研究，

found that women who sought an abortion and were denied one

发现设法堕胎却被拒绝的女性

were more likely to live below the federal poverty line, more likely to stay with abusive partners,

生活在联邦贫困线以下，和施虐伴侣生活在一起，

and more likely to suffer life-threatening complications during pregnancy and birth.

并在怀孕和分娩期间遭受危及生命的并发症的可能性都较常人更高。

Beyond letting women decide whether to have a baby,

除了让女性自己决定是否要孩子外，

our government needs to pass legislation that would ensure that those who do become moms are paid the same as dads.

我们的政府还应该通过立法，确保那些升级为母亲的人获得与父亲一样的酬劳。

According to the National Women’s Law Center, for every dollar white dads made in 2018,

国家妇女法律中心的数据显示：2018年时，白人父亲每挣一美元，

Asian American and Pacific Islander moms made 89cents,

亚裔母亲和太平洋岛民母亲能挣到89美分，

white moms made 69cents, Black moms made 50cents,

白人母亲能赚69美分，黑人母亲能赚50美分，

Native moms made 47cents and Latina moms made 45cents.

土著母亲能赚47美分，拉丁裔母亲则只能赚45美分。

In 2017, Michelle J. Budig, a professor of sociology at the University of Massachusetts,

2017年，马萨诸塞大学社会学教授米歇尔·J·布迪格

published a report, "The Fatherhood Bonus and the Motherhood Penalty,"

发表了一篇题为“父亲获得奖金，母亲则获得惩罚”的报告，

in which she explained women’s wages tend to decrease after they have kids while men’s tend to increase,

她在报告中阐述道，有了孩子之后，女性的工资往往都会下降，男性的工资却往往升高，

though these shifts are not equal across income distributions.

尽管这一变化在整个收入分配领域并不恒定。