新闻周刊:非洲基因对癌症研究很重要(6)（在线收听）

Collaborators, though, aren't always so ready to relinquish their position as the superior partner.

然而，合作者并不总是愿意放弃他们作为高级合作伙伴的地位。

De Vries, who chaired the H3Africa working group on ethics for several years, heard some international scientists argue that sub-Saharan Africa wasn't equipped to do sophisticated genetic research on its own.

德·弗里斯在担任“非洲H3”伦理工作小组主席的几年里，一些国际科学家认为，撒哈拉以南的非洲没有能力独自进行复杂的基因研究。

This perspective may have some truth to it, but it also maintains the status quo.

这种观点可能有些道理，但也说明了现状。

"People and institutions that are powerful benefit from the perpetuation of that narrative," she says."Those people are not interested in the substantive development of African research capacity."

她说，“从其中大获利益的人和机构，对非洲研究能力的实质性发展不感兴趣。”

Rotimi is trying to change that narrative.

罗蒂米正试图改变这种说法。

He wants to give African scientists the capability to stand on their own.

他希望给予非洲科学家独立自主的能力。

A central tenet of H3Africa is to build the infrastructure necessary to support research that is just as worthy of the world’s attention as that coming out of the best universities in Europe and North America.

“非洲H3”的中心宗旨是建立必要的基础设施，以支持与欧洲、北美最好的大学一样值得全世界关注的研究。

Toward that end, lead investigators on any H3Africa project must be African, and ideally the collaborators as well.

为此，任何“非洲H3”项目的首席研究员都必须是非洲人，最好是合作者。

That requirement is building a new world of research capabilities across the continent, such as powerful computers to do bioinformatics research in Sudan;

这一要求是在整个非洲大陆建立一个新的研究能力世界，例如在苏丹建立生物信息学研究的强大计算机；

a repository in Uganda for storing DNA and generating a huge amount of data on the SNPs that protect against sleeping sickness;

在乌干达建储存DNA和产生大量可以防止昏睡病SNP数据的资料库；

and equipment for fieldwork-documented hereditary neurological disorders in Mali, along with a laboratory to identify genetic mutations that increase risk and training for physicians there to educate Malians about genetics and disease.

以及在马里设立有现场记录的遗传神经障碍设备，以及实验室，用来识别增加风险的基因突变，并培训那里的医生，让他们对马里人进行遗传学和疾病方面的教育。

When the grants end, the new capacity remains for future scientists,

当资助结束时，未来科学家的新能力仍然存在，

"so that everybody doesn't end up like Charles Rotimi,"he says,"who wanted to stay in Nigeria but couldn't."

“这样每个人都不会像查尔斯·罗蒂米那样，”他说，“想留在尼日利亚却又无能为力。”

These breakthroughs don't ameliorate all the ethical conundrums, though;

然而，这些突破并没有改善所有伦理难题；

fears of helicopter science persist.

对直升机科学的恐惧依然存在。

H3Africa encourages collaboration among countries within Africa, but those with less advanced research capacity hesitate to assist more polished countries.

“非洲H3”鼓励非洲国家之间的合作，但是那些不太先进的研究能力的国家不愿意协助更完善的国家。

In Ghana, some scientists at poorer institutions resent those at wealthier ones presenting work on shared samples without acknowledging their contribution.

在加纳，一些在较贫穷机构工作的科学家对那些在较富裕机构工作却不承认其贡献的科学家表示不满。

Others say they sometimes have more input on samples sent to New York than to South Africa.

另一些人说，他们有时对寄往纽约的样品的投入比寄往南非的要多。

"It's the same issue," says University of North Carolina bioethicist Eric Juengst.

“这是同一个问题，” 北卡罗来纳大学生物伦理学家埃里克·云斯特说。

Just as with international collaborators, the idea of sending tissue samples across a border raises fears of exploitation and resentment about helping an economic competitor.

就像与国际合作者一样，将组织样本送过国界的想法引发了对剥削的恐惧和对帮助经济竞争对手的怨恨。