新闻周刊:电影《摘金奇缘》如何改变亚裔美国人在好莱坞的游戏规则(2)（在线收听）

The pressure to make the film all things to all Asian-Americans is thus intense. Margaret Cho understood that weight when looking back years later at her sitcom All-American Girl—the first American TV show focused on an Asian family—which lasted one season, beginning in 1994. Because the edgy Cho had no creative control, the series ended up endorsing, rather than erasing, stereotypes and myths. “With ethnic identity, there’s a right way to be and a wrong way to be, and that’s a really weird thing,” Cho told Kore Asian Media on the 20th anniversary of her show. “The panic comes from not seeing Asian-Americans on television, so the few images we do have of them become overly scrutinized.”

因此，制作一部面向所有亚裔美国人的电影的压力非常大。多年后，当玛格丽特·曹回顾她主演的情景喜剧《地道美国女孩》时，她明白了这一点。《地道美国女孩》是美国首部以亚洲家庭为主题的电视剧，于1994年播出，有一季。因为急躁的玛格丽特·曹没有创造性的控制，这部电视剧最终只是认可，而不是抹去刻板印象和神话。“有了种族认同，就有了正确的生活方式和错误的生活方式，这真的很奇怪，”玛格丽特·曹在其节目20周年纪念上告诉科尔亚洲媒体。“这种恐慌是因为没有在电视上看到亚裔美国人，所以我们看到的少数亚裔美国人的照片受到过度审视。”

Cho also noted that diversity in entertainment has come a long way (she’s a big fan of Fresh Off the Boat), but hypersensitivity remains, with some worried that Crazy Rich Asians will err on the side of too Asian or its opposite: Accusations of whitewashing surfaced on Twitter when one of the stars, Henry Golding, was called “not Asian enough” (his father is British, and his mother is from Borneo’s Iban tribe).

玛格丽特·曹还表示娱乐的多样性已经取得了很大的进步（她本身是《初来乍到》的忠实粉丝），但过度敏感依然存在，一些人担心，《摘金奇缘》会犯过于亚洲化或恰恰相反的错误：推特上出现了粉饰的指控，一个明星亨利·戈尔丁，被称为“不够亚洲化”（他的父亲是英国人，母亲来自婆罗洲的伊班部落）。

Wu gets it, and she is familiar with social media activism; she was at the center of a Twitter campaign, #StarringConstanceWu, which imagined Wu as the lead of various white-centric blockbusters like The Hunger Games. Even the “starring Constance Wu” credit for Crazy Rich Asians comes with complicated feelings, after years of struggling to find work in Hollywood. “It’s difficult to take ownership of being treated with respect,” she says. “Usually, you’re asked to be grateful for whatever scraps you get, and if you’re not grateful for your scraps, then you’re shunned.”

吴了解这一点，她熟悉社交媒体激进主义；她曾是推特活动“#吴恬敏领衔主演”的聚焦点，他们把吴恬敏想象成《饥饿游戏》等各种以白人为中心的大片的主角。对吴恬敏“领衔主演”的称赞也掺杂着复杂的感情，她曾数年奋力在好莱坞找工作。“很难得到别人的尊重，”吴恬敏表示，“通常情况下，不管你得到什么残羹剩饭，你都要心存感激。如果你不感激给你的残羹剩饭，那么你就什么都没有。”