美国国家公共电台 NPR 俄罗斯反对派领袖纳瓦尔尼执意回国 落地即被捕（在线收听）

Five months ago, Alexei Navalny, a prominent critic of Russia's president, Vladimir Putin, went to Germany. He was very sick. He'd been poisoned. Authorities in Russia warned Navalny, if you come back, we'll arrest you. And then yesterday, he went back.

五个月前，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的著名批评者阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼前往德国。当时他病得非常严重。病因为中毒。俄罗斯有关部门警告纳瓦尔尼称，如果你回来，我们就会逮捕你。而昨天，他回到了俄罗斯。

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ALEXEI NAVALNY: (Non-English language spoken).

阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼：（用非英语语言讲话）。

KING: After his plane landed in Moscow, Navalny said the criminal cases against him are fabricated. He said the truth is on his side. He said he has no reason to be afraid. Then he said goodbye to his wife, and the police arrested him. NPR's Lucian Kim is following this from Moscow. Hi, Lucian.

金：纳尔瓦尼乘坐的飞机在莫斯科降落后，他表示针对他的刑事案件是捏造的。他表示，真相在他这边。他说他没有理由害怕。他向妻子告别后，警察逮捕了他。NPR新闻的卢西安·金正在莫斯科关注此事。你好，卢西恩。

LUCIAN KIM, BYLINE: Good morning.

卢西安·金连线：早上好。

KING: Why did Navalny go back if he knew he was going to be arrested?

金：如果纳瓦尔尼知道他要被捕，那他为什么要回去？

KIM: Well, Alexei Navalny has never shied away from publishing an investigation into government corruption or attending a protest rally because he was afraid of arrest. He spent literally hundreds of days in jail in the past and has faced criminal cases that he says are trumped up. As you mentioned, he was in Germany for the past several months recovering from a poisoning with a nerve agent, but he vowed to return to Russia. Yesterday, the flight he was on was diverted to another airport at the last minute. And maybe that's because crowds of his supporters had gathered at the airport where he was scheduled to land. Navalny had time to make the statement we just heard, and then he was arrested by police.

金：阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼从未因害怕被捕而回避公开针对政府腐败的调查或出席抗议集会。他曾被监禁数百天，也曾面临几起刑事案件，他称这些案件是捏造的。你刚才提到，过去几个月他一直在德国，因神经毒剂中毒接受治疗，但他发誓要回到俄罗斯。昨天，他乘坐的航班在最后一刻改道到另一个机场。也许是因为他的支持者聚集在他预定降落的机场。在被警方逮捕前，纳瓦尔尼发表了我们刚才听到的声明。

KING: All of this makes him a fascinating, almost cinematic character. What does he represent, and how did he get to this point?

金：这一切使他相当迷人，就像是电影中的人物。他代表着什么？他是如何走到这一步的？

KIM: Well, Navalny is a lawyer by training. He's been an online gadfly for years uncovering shady government deals and attacking President Putin's rigid political system. But he's also developed a real offline presence by opening campaign offices across Russia when he ran for president in 2018, even though he was barred from that election. And then last summer, he was poisoned on a domestic flight. And only after the German government intervened was he allowed to be flown out for medical treatment. Navalny blames Putin for ordering the poisoning. The Kremlin, of course, denies any involvement. And Putin has even suggested that Navalny is too insignificant to be killed.

金：纳瓦尔尼是专业律师。多年来，他一直在网络上挑战权威，揭露政府的黑幕交易，并攻击普京总统僵化的政治体制。但他在2018年竞选总统时也在俄罗斯各地开设了竞选办公室，从而形成了真正的线下存在，尽管他最后被禁止参加那届选举。去年夏天，他在俄罗斯国内航班上中毒。在德国政府干预之后，他才得以乘飞机离开俄罗斯就诊。纳瓦尔尼指责普京下令下毒。当然，克里姆林宫否认与此事有关。而普京甚至暗示，纳瓦尔尼太微不足道，不值得被杀害。

KING: Well, he is a very significant member of the opposition, clearly. So what does his arrest mean for them?

金：很明显，他是反对派中非常重要的一员。那他被捕对他们意味着什么？

KIM: Well, I think it's important to understand that there is no organized opposition in Russia besides a handful of political parties that cooperate closely with the Kremlin. And I think that's what makes Navalny such an outstanding figure because he mastered social media long before the government figured out what it was. He kept soldiering on even when he was relatively unknown, calling people to protests and running that presidential campaign that was really doomed from the start. So his return is hugely important to people who oppose Putin. Many Russians — and I personally know quite a few — have left Russia because of the repressive political climate here. Navalny could easily have stayed in exile, but now he's giving a signal that his place is in Russia, and he sees himself as a future leader of the country.

金：我认为重要的是要明白，除了少数几个与克里姆林宫密切合作的政党外，俄罗斯没有任何有组织的反对派。我认为这就是纳瓦尔尼成为如此杰出人物的原因，因为他早在政府弄清社交媒体是何之前就掌握了社交媒体。即使在他相对默默无闻的情况下，他仍继续坚持，号召人们抗议，并进行从一开始就注定要失败的总统竞选。因此，他的回归对那些反对普京的人来说非常重要。许多俄罗斯人因为该国的政治气氛压抑而离开俄罗斯，我个人也认识不少这样的人。纳瓦尔尼本可以轻易流亡海外，但现在他发出了一个信号，表明自己在俄罗斯，他自视为这个国家未来的领导人。

KING: And much of the world is watching this. So is Vladimir Putin risking anything by arresting him?

金：全球大部分地区都在关注这件事。那弗拉基米尔·普京逮捕他是否冒着任何风险？

KIM: Yeah, well, the authorities had hoped that by threatening Navalny with arrest, they could keep him away because his return presented them with a real Catch-22. You could either jail him and face international outrage or just let him continue his political activities. Right now, we do see that outrage internationally. The Trump administration and the incoming Biden administration have condemned the arrest. The Kremlin doesn't have high hopes for relations getting better under Biden, but the arrest of Navalny will mean things get off to a very rocky start and will make Putin even more isolated internationally.

金：没错，有关部门希望通过威胁逮捕来赶走纳瓦尔尼，因为他的归来使他们面临不可逾越的障碍。你可以将他关进监狱，面对国际社会的愤怒，也可以让他继续他的政治活动。现在，我们确实在国际社会看到了这种愤怒。特朗普政府和即将上任的拜登政府都对这次逮捕予以谴责。克里姆林宫对拜登执政期间两国关系的改善并不抱太大希望，但纳瓦尔尼被捕将意味着情况从一开始就相当艰难，并将使普京在国际上更加孤立。

KING: NPR's Lucian Kim in Moscow. Thanks, Lucian.

金：以上是NPR新闻的卢西安·金从莫斯科带来的报道。谢谢你，卢西安。

KIM: Thank you.

金：谢谢。