新闻周刊:俄罗斯对美国的冷战战略(1)（在线收听）

Russia Is Using Cold War Strategy to Undermine the Faith of Americans in the 2020 Election—Will It Work?

俄罗斯正在利用冷战战略来破坏美国人对2020年大选的信心——这会奏效吗?

BY ADAM PIORE

作者：亚当·皮奥里

Three events occurring in rapid succession on October 7, 2016, stand out in Robby Mook's memory.

2016年10月7日接连发生的三件事，在罗比·穆克的记忆中留下了深刻的印象。

The first came at about 3:30 pm. The Obama Administration issued a statement that publicly blamed Russia for hacking the Democratic National Committee and orchestrating the release of the thousands of emails roiling the Democratic Party, which, it said, were "intended to interfere with the US election process." In the day's crazy news cycle, that highly-unusual announcement never had a chance.

第一件事发生在下午3:30左右。奥巴马政府发表声明，公开指责俄罗斯入侵民主党全国委员会，并策划发布了数千封搅乱民主党的电子邮件。奥巴马政府表示，这些邮件“旨在干预美国选举进程”。 在当天疯狂的新闻周期中，这一极不寻常的声明没有机会发出来。

At 4 pm, The Washington Post unveiled the infamous Access Hollywood Tape, on which then-candidate Donald Trump was recorded boasting about his own sexual harassment of women. "When you're a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. Grab 'em by the pussy. You can do anything."

下午4点，《华盛顿邮报》公布了臭名昭著的《走进好莱坞》视频，视频中，当时的总统候选人唐纳德·特朗普吹嘘自己对女性的性骚扰。“当你成为明星时，他们会让你这么做。你可以做任何事。触碰私密部位。你可以为所欲为。”

Within the hour, yet another media bomb dropped. Wikileaks released another trove of emails—the first 20,000 pages of 50,000 hacked emails stolen from the account of Hillary Clinton's Campaign Chairman John Podesta.

不到一个小时，又一枚媒体炸弹爆炸了。维基解密公布了另一批电子邮件——从希拉里·克林顿竞选团队主席约翰·波德斯塔的账户中窃取的5万封邮件中的头2万页。

"It was so clear what was happening," recalls Mook, who at the time was a 35-year-old political operative running the Clinton campaign. In time, reporters would dig out old transcripts of paid speeches to Wall Street banks, controversial comments about Catholic voters and other documents that turned out to be damaging to the Clinton campaign. U.S. intelligence has since linked the Podesta trove to the Russian military.

“当时的情况非常清楚，”穆克回忆说，当时他35岁，是克林顿竞选团队的政治人物。随着时间的推移，记者们会挖出华尔街银行有偿演讲的旧文本，对天主教选民的有争议的评论，以及其他后来被证明对克林顿竞选有害的文件。此后，美国情报部门将Podesta秘密邮件与俄罗斯军方联系在一起。

Three years later, as the U.S. gears up for a new presidential election, Mook and other experts expect the Russians to strike again. They'll continue using their modern version of "agitprop" (a mashup of agitation and propaganda) that KGB officers—including a young recruit posing as a translator in Dresden, East Germany named Vladimir Putin—perfected during the Cold War.

三年后，随着美国为新的总统选举做准备，穆克和其他专家预计俄罗斯将再次发动袭击。他们将继续使用现代版的“煽动道具”(鼓动和宣传的混合体)，克格勃官员——包括一名在东德德累斯顿假扮翻译的年轻新兵弗拉基米尔?普京——在冷战期间完善了这种道具。

The overall intent of the Russians, most intelligence officials and Russia experts agree, has always been to "to spin us up, pit us against each other, sow divisiveness and discord, undermine Americans' faith in democracy," in the words of FBI Director Christopher Wray. Or as Richard Clarke, a former member of the State Department and the National Security Council and a seasoned Cold Warrior, puts it: what the Russians really want is for "the American people to give up on our system."

大多数情报官员和俄罗斯专家一致认为，俄罗斯人的总体意图一直是“分裂我们，让我们彼此对立，播下分裂和不和的种子，破坏美国人对民主的信念，”美国联邦调查局局长克里斯托弗·雷说。或者正如前国务院和国家安全委员会成员、经验丰富的冷战斗士理查德克拉克所说：俄罗斯真正想要的是“美国人民放弃现有系统”。