纽约时报 警察工会 改革路上的巨型拦路虎(6)（在线收听）

Police unions have traditionally used their bargaining agreements to create obstacles to disciplining officers.

警察工会惯会利用谈判协议来为整顿警纪制造障碍。

One paper by researchers at the University of Chicago found that incidents of violent misconduct in Florida sheriff's offices

芝加哥大学研究团队的一篇论文发现，警官们获得集体谈判权后，

increased by about 40 percent after deputies gained collective bargaining rights.

佛罗里达州警长办公室发生暴力不当行为事件的几率提高了将近40%。

"By continuing to elect people who stand for those values,

“继续选举支持这些价值观的人掌权，

it more deeply entrenches the break between the community and the police,"

只会继续加深民众和警察之间的隔阂，”

said Karen Sheley, director of the Police Practices Project for the American Civil Liberties Union of Illinois.

伊利诺伊州美国公民自由联盟警察实践项目主任卡伦·谢利说道。

"It makes it far more difficult for reform efforts to go forward."

“还会大大增加改革努力向前推进的难度。”

As critics of the police get louder and more mainstream,

随着批评警察的声音日益响亮，日益主流，

union members have elected more aggressive leaders.

警察工会成员选举的工会领导人也越来越咄咄逼人。

In Minneapolis in 2015, Mr. Kroll defeated the union's longtime president by a nearly two-to-one margin after the city installed a police chief intent on reform.

2015年，明尼阿波利斯任命了一位决心改革的警察局长后，克罗尔便以接近2:1的优势击败了任职已久的工会前任主席。

"I believe Bob Kroll was elected out of fear," said Janee Harteau, the police chief at the time,

“我认为，鲍勃·克罗尔当选是人们出于恐惧的选择，”时任警察局长简·哈托说。

adding that Mr. Kroll's message to officers was:

他接着又说，克罗尔向警官们传达的信息是：

"We are the only ones that support you.

“只有我们支持你们。

Your community doesn't support you.

你们的社区不会支持你们。

Your police chief is trying to get you fired."

你们的局长也恨不得让你们卷铺盖走人。”

Mr. Kroll did not return a call seeking comment.

克罗尔没有回复寻求置评的电话。

John Elder, the Police Department spokesman, said the current police chief and Mr. Kroll have a strong relationship.

警察局发言人约翰·埃尔德表示，现任警察局长和克罗尔二人关系十分密切。

Ms. Harteau said that the department introduced new rules

哈托表示，部门已经引入新的规定，

requiring officers to protect the "sanctity of life" and intervene if they saw a colleague improperly using force,

要求警官们捍卫“生命的神圣性”，看到同事使用武力不当就应当出面干预，

but that the union under Mr. Kroll undermined the changes by protecting officers who violated the policies.

但克罗尔领导的工会选择保护违规官员，无异于是在破坏改革。

Data on police shootings and killings in the city appear to show little change despite the reforms.

就该市警察枪击案和警察杀人案的数据来看，该市的改革似乎收效甚微。

"I struggle to know if they have gotten more extreme,

“我很难知道是他们变得更极端了，

or if the world has changed and they haven't," Mr. Fletcher, the city councilman, said of the union.

还是说变的是大环境而不是他们，”市议员弗莱彻在谈及工会时说道。

"Either way, they are profoundly misaligned with the moment."

“不管变的是谁，警察工会和当前的形势都是严重脱节的。”