美国国家公共电台 NPR 印度单日新增新冠肺炎病例破全球纪录 氧气耗尽疫苗短缺（在线收听）

Health experts have told us all along during the coronavirus pandemic that this is a global problem,

在冠状病毒疫情期间，卫生专家一直告诉我们，这是一个全球性问题，

that a surge in infections in one country, often accompanied by the emergence of new variants of the virus, represents a threat to public health everywhere.

一个国家的感染人数激增，往往伴随着病毒新变种的出现，同时会对各地的公共卫生构成威胁。

And that's why we want to begin with the latest news from India.

这就是我们今天首先关注印度最新情况的原因。

The country today confirmed nearly 350,000 new daily coronavirus cases.

该国今天单日新增近35万例冠状病毒确诊病例。

That's a world record since the start of the pandemic, and India has broken that record three days in a row now.

这一数字创下疫情爆发以来的全球纪录，而印度已连续三天打破这一纪录。

The result is that India's health system is collapsing.

这导致印度的医疗体系逐渐崩溃。

Hospitals are overloaded and experiencing widespread shortages of lifesaving equipment and medicines.

医院超负荷，救生设备和药品普遍短缺。

NPR's Lauren Frayer is in Mumbai, one of the worst-hit cities, and she's with us now. Lauren, thanks for joining us.

NPR新闻的劳伦·弗莱尔现在在孟买，那里是疫情最严重的城市之一，她现在将和我们连线。劳伦，谢谢你。

Thank you for having me, Michel.

谢谢你邀请我，米歇尔。

What is the situation there today?

今天那里的情况如何？

Well, the No. 1 biggest need across all of India right now is oxygen. Big hospital chains have been tweeting out these S.O.S. messages.

现在整个印度最需要的是氧气。大型连锁医院一直在推特上发布这些求助信息。

I saw one a few minutes ago saying they have less than two hours' supply left.

几分钟前我看到有医院说他们的氧气供应已撑不了两个小时。

There was one hospital in Delhi where officials say an oxygen tanker arrived to resupply them six hours late,

德里一家医院的官员表示，一辆提供补给的运氧车晚了6个小时才抵达，

and 25 people died last night because of that delay.

这一延误导致昨晚25人死亡。

These are hundreds, possibly thousands, of patients dying like this every night.

每天晚上都有数百名甚至上千名病人像这样死去。

And hospitals are trying to ration oxygen.

医院也在尝试定量配给氧气。

And these are patients that actually beat the odds and managed to get a hospital bed, which is a huge feat right now in India.

而这些患者实际上战胜了困难，设法得到了一张病床，现在在印度这可以说是一项壮举。

And then they die with doctors at their bedsides, helpless. You can imagine how difficult this is for the medical staff as well.

但他们最终却在医生的陪伴下无助地死去。你可以想象这对医务人员来说有多困难。

And many of these deaths could have been prevented if India had better prepared for this.

如果印度对此有更好的准备，许多死亡病例原本是可以避免的。

You know, we are more than a year into this pandemic.

毕竟这场疫情已经持续了一年多的时间。

You know, to that end, Lauren, you know, the reporting had been — your reporting had been that India seemed to be a success case,

劳伦，从你之前的报道来看，印度似乎在应对疫情上取得了成功，

with the number of new cases going down steadily.

因为新增病例的数量在稳步下降。

What happened? I mean, why was India seemingly caught unprepared?

那发生了什么？为什么印度看起来毫无准备？

Yeah. And this just caught everyone by surprise. I mean, in late January, early February, cases were at record lows.

是的。这令所有人大吃一惊。1月底2月初时，印度的新增病例曾创下历史新低。

The government here declared an endgame to the pandemic. You know, in hindsight, we know it wasn't the end.

当时印度政府宣布疫情结束。事后来看，我们知道疫情实际上并未结束。

Everybody went back to normal, though. They stopped social distancing. They weren't so diligent about masks.

不过，所有人都恢复了正常生活。他们不再实施社交距离。不再严格遵守口罩规定。

And scientists say, you know, the virus had not gone.

科学家表示，病毒并未消失。

In fact, new variants were lurking, and they've spread at the speed that we've just not seen anywhere else in the world.

事实上，新变种仍在潜伏，并以我们在世界上其他任何地方都看不到的速度传播。

And I want to say the numbers that we're reporting are staggering numbers of cases and deaths,

我想说的是，印度报告的病例和死亡人数相当惊人，

but they are almost certainly an undercount because there are shortages of test kits here.

但几乎可以肯定的是存在漏报病例，因为这里缺乏检测试剂盒。

People are dying at home, unable to get care. Crematoriums are working 24/7.

人们在家中濒临死亡，无法得到照顾。火葬场全天候工作。

And Prime Minister Narendra Modi is facing public anger now — that he himself was irresponsible and slow to act.

而印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪现在正面临公众的愤怒，因为他本人不负责任，行动迟缓。

I mean, it was only days ago that he was presiding over huge political rallies with thousands of attendees.

就在几天前，他还主持了有数千人参加的大型政治集会。

So what's the government doing now?

那政府现在在做什么？

Well, Modi cancelled one of his rallies yesterday to chair an emergency meeting. He did another emergency meeting today.

莫迪昨天取消了一次集会，主持了一个紧急会议。他今天又召开了一个紧急会议。

He announced he's lifting customs duties on oxygen imports. He's also widening the eligibility for vaccinations starting May 1.

他宣布将取消进口氧气的关税。他还将从5月1日开始扩大接种疫苗的资格。

But, you know, it's unclear how they will provide those doses because they've already run out.

但是，目前尚不清楚他们将如何提供疫苗剂量，因为疫苗库存已经用尽。

This was a point of pride. India is the world's biggest vaccine maker. It had been exporting vaccines.

这本来是值得骄傲的事情。印度是世界上最大的疫苗制造商。该国一直在出口疫苗。

And now it doesn't have enough for its own population.

而现在却不足以供应本国人口。

The biggest supplier here is pleading with the United States, with President Biden, to lift an export ban on raw materials —

印度最大的供应商正在恳求美国和拜登总统解除对原材料的出口禁令，

things like test tubes that they need to ramp up production.

这些原材料包括他们提高产量所需要的试管。

And so far, the U.S. has not obliged, hasn't done that.

到目前为止，美国尚未同意，没有解除禁令。

Do you mind if I ask you, Lauren, what about you? Are you under lockdown there in Mumbai?

你介意我问你吗，劳伦，你呢？你在孟买处于封锁状态吗？

What about, you know, other gatherings? What about moving about the city?

其他聚会呢？在孟买四处走动受限吗？

Yeah. So Modi has ruled out a national lockdown countrywide because it's just so painful for India's poor.

对。莫迪排除了实行全国封锁的可能性，因为这对印度的穷人来说伤害太大。

Last spring, India's economy shrank 24% under lockdown.

去年春天，印度经济因封锁萎缩了24%。

We actually had cases of poor migrant workers literally starving to death on the roads.

实际上，印度发生过贫穷农民工在路上饿死的事件。

So lockdowns are regional, and I am in — under lockdown now in Mumbai. It's very strict. Police patrol the streets. You can't go out for a walk.

因此封锁是区域性的，我现在在孟买处于封锁之下。封锁措施非常严格。警察在街上巡逻。人们不能外出散步。

And social media has turned into a lifeline for people. People are trying to arrange hospital beds for one another.

社交媒体已经成为人们的生命线。人们正设法为彼此安排病床。

They're trading phone numbers for doctors.

他们彼此交换医生的电话号码。

I mean, I spoke a couple hours ago with a friend of mine who has COVID and is at home and has been calling dozens of doctors — dozens.

几个小时前我和我的一个朋友聊了一下，他现在在家，一直在给数十个医生打电话——数十个。

Like, imagine being sick, and no one answers when you call 911, and that is the situation thousands and thousands of Indians are going through right now alone.

想象一下，在你生病时，你拨打911电话却没有人接听，这就是数千名印度人目前独自经历的情况。

That is NPR's India correspondent, Lauren Frayer, speaking to us from under lockdown in Mumbai. Lauren, thank you so much for your reporting.

以上是NPR新闻驻印度记者劳伦·弗莱尔带来的报道，她现在在孟买处于封锁之下。劳伦，非常谢谢你带来的报道。