美国国家公共电台 NPR 伊朗强硬派总统莱希就职 誓要解除美国制裁（在线收听）

Today, there's a public inauguration ceremony for Iran's new president, Ebrahim Raisi.

今天，伊朗新总统易卜拉欣·莱希的公开就职典礼举行。

His election to succeed the outgoing Hassan Rouhani means hardline conservatives are now in control of all of Iran's major branches of government.

他当选并接替即将离任的哈桑·鲁哈尼，意味着强硬的保守派现在控制着伊朗政府的所有主要部门。

NPR's Peter Kenyon has been following the transition, joins us now from Istanbul.

NPR新闻的彼得·肯扬一直在追踪过渡进程，现在他将从伊斯坦布尔和我们连线。

Peter, tell us a little bit more about Iran's new president. What do we know about him?

彼得，请详细介绍一下伊朗新总统。我们对他有何了解？

Well, we know he's a hard-line cleric. Ebrahim Raisi is a judge and former head of the judiciary as well.

我们知道他是强硬的神职人员。易卜拉欣·莱希是一名法官，也是前司法部长。

And he's actually the first Iranian president to take office while under U.S. sanctions.

他是首位在美国制裁名单上就任的伊朗总统。

Those are imposed for his role in the mass execution of dissident prisoners back in the 1980s.

他遭制裁是因为他在上世纪80年代大规模处决持不同政见者方面所发挥的作用。

But he's also known to be quite close to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

但众所周知，他也与伊朗最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊关系密切。

They share the same kind of hard-line views when it comes to defending the Islamic revolution and confronting the West.

二人在捍卫伊斯兰革命和对抗西方等问题上持有相同的强硬立场。

And we also should note that the Iranian president is not an especially strong chief executive.

我们还应指出，伊朗总统并不是一个特别强有力的首席执行官。

Many of the most important decisions must have the supreme leader's approval.

许多最重要的决定必须得到最高领袖的批准。

Now, in recent days, Khamenei has offered some harsh criticism of the outgoing president, Hassan Rouhani, and his government,

最近几天，哈梅内伊对即将离任的总统哈桑·鲁哈尼及其政府提出了严厉的批评，

a lot of it over their dealings with the U.S. and other Western powers.

许多批评涉及他们与美国和其他西方大国打交道的方式。

But Khamenei does seem to be looking forward to working with his fellow hard-liner, Ebrahim Raisi.

但哈梅内伊似乎确实期待与他的强硬同僚易卜拉欣·莱希合作。

So Raisi, what's the biggest thing on his agenda?

那莱西日程上最重要的事情是什么？

Well, what he says is strengthening ties with neighbors is very, very important. But his top goal has to be getting American sanctions on Iran lifted.

他表示，加强与邻国的关系非常非常重要。但他的最高目标肯定是解除美国对伊朗的制裁。

Iran desperately needs to sell more of its oil, get its economy back on its feet because people are really suffering.

伊朗迫切需要出售更多的石油，恢复经济，因为民众真的很痛苦。

On my last trip to Iran in late June, nearly every Iranian I met said rising prices, soaring inflation — I mean, well over 40% at times — those were their biggest problems.

我最后一次去伊朗是在6月底，当时几乎我遇到的每一个伊朗人都提到了物价上涨和通货膨胀，有时伊朗的通货膨胀会超过40%，这是该国最大的问题。

Now, sanctions aren't the only reason for that. There's corruption and poor management as well.

制裁并不是导致这种情况的唯一原因。还有腐败和管理不善。

But clearly, improving the living standards for ordinary Iranians should be high on Raisi's agenda.

但显然，提高普通伊朗人的生活标准应该是莱希日程上的重要事项。

Does this, in a way, force him, then, to work with the U.S.?

这是否会在某种程度上迫使他与美国合作？

Well, not necessarily. But in one case, at least, yes. Most Iran watchers say they're not looking for any general thaw in Iran-U.S. relations.

不一定。但至少在种情况下，会如此。大多数伊朗观察家表示，他们指望伊朗和美国的关系出现全面缓和。

In fact, it could be quite the opposite. Ebrahim Raisi's public comments so far suggest that he hasn't got any appetite for doing diplomatic deals with the West.

事实上，可能恰恰相反。易卜拉欣·莱希迄今为止的公开评论表明，他对与西方进行外交往来没有任何兴趣。

He shares the hard-line suspicion of the West in general and the U.S. in particular with one exception.

他对整个西方，特别是美国，都抱持强烈的怀疑态度，只有一个例外。

He is willing to see the U.S. return to the 2015 nuclear agreement.

他愿意看到美国重返2015年达成的核协议。

That's the deal that offered Iran sanctions relief in exchange for cutting its nuclear program.

该协议使伊朗可通过削减其核项目换取解除制裁。

Raisi seems to support getting Iran back into compliance with that agreement.

莱希似乎支持让伊朗恢复遵守该协议。

That nuclear agreement, where do things stand on that?

该核协议目前情况如何？

Well, talks in Vienna on that have been stalled.

在维也纳进行的核协议谈判已陷入停滞。

And it's been Iran insisting that talks don't resume until the Raisi government is in place and ready to take the reins.

伊朗一直坚称，在莱希政府上台并准备好接管政权之前，不会恢复谈判。

But this is one area where Raisi does seem to be willing to engage with the U.S. because he's got to get those sanctions lifted if he's going to have any chance of reviving the economy.

但这是莱希似乎愿意与美国接触的一个领域，因为如果他想振兴经济，那就必须解除这些制裁。

Once you get beyond that issue, things become less clear quite quickly.

一旦你突破了这个问题，事情就会迅速变得不那么明朗。

The U.S., for instance, also wants to talk about Iran's ballistic missile program, its support for proxy militias in the region.

例如，美国还想讨论伊朗的弹道导弹计划，以及伊朗对该地区代理民兵组织的支持。

Tehran says, no, not so fast. The U.S. is the one that walked away from this nuclear deal.

但伊朗方面表示，不，没那么快。美国已退出伊朗核协议。

It's up to Washington to get back into the agreement, lift all the sanctions.

现在，要由美国政府重返协议并解除所有制裁。

Raisi, meanwhile, is already on record as saying Iran's missiles and regional activities are non-negotiable.

与此同时，莱希已公开表示，伊朗的导弹和地区活动不可谈判。

So I think the bottom line is the general diplomatic prospects are not rosy.

因此，我认为最关键的问题是，总体外交前景并不乐观。

NPR's Peter Kenyon in Istanbul. Peter, thanks a lot.

以上是NPR新闻的彼得·肯扬从伊斯坦布尔带来的报道。彼得，非常感谢。

Thank you.

谢谢。