美国国家公共电台 NPR 白宫举办国际峰会 应对勒索软件威胁（在线收听）

A pipeline operator, a meatpacker, a big city police department - they are all victims of hackers who locked up their files and held them hostage this past year.

管道运营商，肉类加工厂，大城市的警察局，他们都是黑客的受害者，去年黑客把他们的文件锁住并将它们扣押。

Those security breaches are front and center for a two-day virtual summit at the White House that starts today.

这些安全漏洞是今天开始在白宫举行的为期两天的虚拟峰会的主要议题。

Representatives from more than 30 countries will try to figure out a way to take on the threat of ransomware.

来自30多个国家的代表将试图找出应对勒索软件威胁的方法。

So who is showing up at this summit?

那么谁会出席这次峰会呢?

So it's a big group, Rachel. You've got everyone from Eastern European countries like Ukraine and Romania to the United Arab Emirates, Brazil.

瑞秋，这是一个很大的团体。从乌克兰、罗马尼亚等东欧国家到阿拉伯联合酋长国、巴西，这里包括了每个人。

The White House says that they were chosen partially because they've all had problems with ransomware, too.

白宫表示，他们之所以被选中参加这次峰会，部分原因是因为他们也都遇到了勒索软件的问题。

Ukraine, for example, is already helping hunt cybercriminals.

例如，乌克兰已经在帮助追捕网络罪犯。

Just a few weeks ago, the FBI partnered with international law enforcement and Ukrainian officials to arrest ransomware operators.

就在几周前，美国联邦调查局与国际执法机构和乌克兰官员进行合作，逮捕了勒索软件的操作人员。

They posted videos of piles of cash on YouTube, a classic international sting.

他们在YouTube上发布了大量现金敲诈的视频，这是一次典型的国际阵痛。

I talked to President Biden's deputy national security adviser for cyber and emerging technology, Anne Neuberger.

我与拜登总统负责网络和新兴技术的副国家安全顾问安妮·纽伯格进行了交谈。

She says those types of arrests are top of mind this week.

她说，这类的逮捕是本周的首要任务。

One of the panels will focus on disruption.

其中一个小组将专注于瓦解任务。

And these are exactly the kinds of efforts that we have in mind.

而这些正是我们所考虑的努力方向。

The partners who joined us around the world are those where there is experience in criminal cyberactivity.

世界各地加入我们的合作伙伴都是在网络犯罪活动方面经验丰富。

And of course, there's the question of Russia, where lots of cybercriminals actually live.

当然，还有俄罗斯的问题，很多网络罪犯实际上生活在那里。

The White House says Russia isn't invited this time.

白宫表示，俄罗斯这次没有受到邀请。

They're focusing on a separate channel with Moscow for the moment, and they're seeing some progress there.

他们目前正专注于与莫斯科建立一个单独的渠道，并且他们看到了一些进展。

But they're continuing to put pressure on them.

但他们还在继续给他们施加压力。

So how do these countries protect themselves?

那么这些国家如何保护自身的呢?

I mean, what does the Biden administration say it wants to get from these big meetings?

我的意思是，拜登政府表示他们想从这些大型会议中得到什么呢?

That's a good question. The White House isn't sharing a lot about the specific agreements it hopes to reach this week.

这是个好问题。白宫并没有就本周希望达成的具体协议透露太多。

But one factor involved is helping foreign partners get better at following the money

但涉及的一个因素是想帮助外国合作伙伴更好地追踪资金

- in this case, cryptocurrency, similar to how the Justice Department a little while ago recovered $2.3 million from a bitcoin wallet for Colonial Pipeline when it got breached by criminal hackers in May.

-在这个案例中，是加密货币，类似于司法部不久前从Colonial Pipeline的比特币钱包中追回230万美元，当时该钱包在5月份被犯罪黑客入侵。

Right.

是的。

Additionally, while the White House says the meetings are led by the U.S., other countries are taking point on different sessions.

此外，虽然白宫表示会议由美国主导，但其他国家也在不同的会议上提出了观点。

So India is going to lead a panel on digital defense.

所以印度将领导一个数字防御小组。

Australia is going to take point on a discussion on disrupting criminal hackers, while the U.K. and Germany will also lead a few panels.

澳大利亚将就打击犯罪黑客的讨论发表意见，而英国和德国也将领导一些小组讨论。

So just step back for a second, Jenna, and explain the significance of the problem of ransomware. How big is it?

詹娜，先退一步，解释一下勒索软件问题的重要性。它有多重大?

So Rachel, it's a huge challenge. Companies big and small could and have been victims - hospitals, towns, everyone.

瑞秋，这是一个巨大的挑战。大大小小的公司——医院、城镇和所有人——都可能成为受害者，也已经成为了受害者。

A recent estimate pegs payments at almost 2 million on average in 2021. And they're going after the biggest targets who are most likely to pay.

最近的一项估计显示，2021年的平均支付金额将接近200万美元。而且他们正在追踪最有可能付款的大目标。

And it's also not the first time that national security officials like Anne Neuberger have gotten interested in seemingly lowly criminals.

这也不是像安妮·纽伯格这样的国家安全官员首次对看似微不足道的罪犯感兴趣。

So a couple years ago, the intelligence community got involved in the Sony hack because North Korea was behind it.

几年前，情报界卷入了索尼黑客事件，因为朝鲜是幕后黑手。

This time, NSA Director Nakasone is saying that ransomware is a national security threat and that the government is surging against it.

这次，美国国家安全局局长中曾根表示，勒索软件是国家安全的威胁，政府正在对其进行大力打击。

And you know, Anne Neuberger echoed those concerns, but she also stressed that there's strength in numbers in fighting this.

你知道，安妮·纽伯格也表达了同样的担忧，但她也强调，与此作斗争的人数众多。

Firstly, there's always hope out there.

首先，总是有希望的。

That being said, we fight ransomware day by day, and it's something where we need many partners - American individuals, companies, partners around the world - to fight it together.

话虽如此，我们日复一日地与勒索软件作斗争，我们需要许多合作伙伴——美国个人、公司、世界各地的合作伙伴——共同抗击它。

And one last thing Neuberger said, you should always use multifactor authentication.

纽伯格说的最后一件事，你应该总是使用多重身份验证。

Oh, I am busted. I need to do that on so many different devices.

哦，我崩溃了。我需要在很多不同的设备上这样做。