美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国民权斗士谋杀案两事主翻案（在线收听）

Who killed Malcolm X? The official answer to that question changes today.

谁杀了马尔科姆·艾克斯（Malcolm X）？这个问题的官方答案今天发生了变化。

That's right.The civil rights leader was assassinated in 1965.

没错。这位民权领袖于1965年被暗杀。

He'd just started speaking in the Audubon Ballroom in Manhattan when three gunmen opened fire.

他刚开始在曼哈顿奥杜邦宴会厅讲话，就有三名持枪歹徒开枪。

Now, two of the men who were found guilty of the murder a year later always said they were innocent.

现在，一年后被判谋杀罪的两名男子总是说他们是无辜的。

And today their convictions will be thrown out.

今天他们的定罪将被推翻。

This was a 22-month-long investigation conducted by the Manhattan District Attorney's Office, lawyers for the two men and the nonprofit Innocence Project.

这是由曼哈顿地区检察官办公室、两人的律师和非营利组织“无罪计划”(Innocence Project)进行的一项长达22个月的调查。

What they say they found was that back in 1965, both the FBI and the New York Police Department withheld key evidence that would have likely led to Aziz and Islam's acquittal.

他们说，他们发现早在1965年，联邦调查局和纽约警察局都隐瞒了可能导致阿齐兹(Aziz)和伊斯兰(Islam)无罪释放的关键证据。

We're talking about FBI documents that implicated other suspects and pointed away from Islam and Aziz, failure to disclose NYPD files,

我们说的是联邦调查局的文件，这些文件牵连了其他嫌疑人，而不是伊斯兰和阿齐兹，也没有披露纽约警察局的文件，

which revealed that a reporter for the New York Daily News received a call on the morning of the assassination indicating that Malcolm X would be murdered.

这些文件揭露了《纽约每日新闻》的一名记者在暗杀事件发生的早上接到电话，说马尔科姆·艾克斯将被谋杀。

Fifty years feels like a long time to reopen an investigation.

50年才重启调查时间真的很久了。

Why did it take that long?

为什么花了那么长时间？

Well, investigators had agreed to revisit this case.

调查人员已经同意重新调查此案。

And then recently, a Netflix documentary about the assassination renewed interest in it.

最近，Netflix的一部关于暗杀事件的纪录片重新引起了人们的兴趣。

But the conviction of Aziz and Islam was always called into question from Day 1.

但从第一天起，对阿齐兹和伊斯兰的定罪就一直受到质疑。

They were part of the Nation of Islam, which Malcolm X had acrimoniously separated from shortly before his murder.

他们是伊斯兰民族组织(Nation of Islam)的成员，马尔科姆·艾克斯在被谋杀前不久与该组织在激烈的争吵中分离。

Still, there was no physical evidence that tied Aziz or Islam to the crime scene, let alone to the murder.

尽管如此，没有物证表明阿齐兹或伊斯兰与犯罪现场有关，更不用说与谋杀有关了。

Both men had credible alibis. Witnesses contradicted each other.This was not at all clear-cut.

两人都有可信的不在场证明。 证人互相矛盾。 这一点也不明确。

OK. So Aziz and Islam are exonerated.

好的。所以阿齐兹和伊斯兰都被赦免了。

That mean we're any closer to knowing who did kill Malcolm X?

这意味着我们离知道谁杀了马尔科姆·艾克斯不远了？

No, it remains unknown. Throughout the years, people pointed to another member of the Nation of Islam who was not arrested.

不，它仍然是未知的。多年来，人们一直将矛头指向另一名没有被捕的伊斯兰民族组织成员。

There are also questions about why, if there was knowledge that Malcolm X's life was in danger - and there were undercover law enforcement officials present at the time of the murder - why wasn't anything done to prevent it?

还有一个问题是，如果有人知道马尔科姆·艾克斯有生命危险——而且谋杀发生时有便衣执法人员在场——为什么没有采取任何措施来阻止呢?

It's been more than half a century since the assassination of Malcolm X.

马尔科姆·艾克斯被暗杀事件已经超过半个多世纪了。

I mean, these men spent decades in prison.

我是说，这些人在监狱里蹲了几十年。

So what happened to Aziz and Islam?

那么阿齐兹和伊斯兰怎么样了？

Aziz was released in 1985.He is 83 years old now.

阿齐兹于1985年获释。他现在83岁了。

Khalil Islam was released in 1987.He died in 2009.

哈利勒·伊斯兰于1987年获释。他于2009年去世。

Now, they and their families have expressed relief, but they've also acknowledged that the damage done is irreparable.

现在，他们和他们的家人表示很欣慰，但他们也承认造成的损害是无法弥补的。

Even after they were released, they were widely seen as Malcolm X's killers.

即使在他们获释后，他们也被广泛认为是杀害马尔科姆·艾克斯的凶手。

They carried that stigma with them through life.

他们一生都带着这种耻辱。