新闻周刊:拜登希望通过打击制药巨头的垄断来降低药价（在线收听）

Biden Looks to Slash Drug Prices By Going After Big Pharma's Monopolies

拜登希望通过打击大型制药公司的垄断来大幅降低药品价格

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released its "Comprehensive Plan for Addressing High Drug Prices" report that detailed the Biden administration's plan on taking actions to address economic competition in the pharmaceutical sector.

美国卫生与公众服务部发布了一份名为“应对高药价的综合计划”的报告，详细介绍了拜登政府为解决制药行业的经济竞争而采取的行动计划。

Spearheaded by HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra, the plan laid out three guiding principles the department will follow as it moves to lower drug prices.

由美国卫生与公众服务部部长哈维尔·贝塞拉带头，该计划提出了该部门在采取行动降低药价时将遵循的三项指导原则。

These include making prices equitable for all consumers, regardless of health status or economic class, supporting health care research, and boosting competition within the sector.

这些措施包括使药价对所有消费者来说都是公平合理的，无论健康状况或经济阶层，支持卫生保健研究，以及促进该行业内的竞争。

The administration plans to address competition issues by curbing price hikes on name-brand drugs and limiting the power of patent holders.

政府计划通过抑制名牌药品价格上涨和限制专利持有人的权力来解决竞争问题。

By doing this, they hope to boost the presence of generic drugs and biosimilars within the sector.

他们希望通过这样做来提升该行业非专利药和生物仿制药的存在比例。

"Life-saving prescription medication should not cost anyone their life savings. Yet too often, many low-income families cannot take their prescription medications because of cost concerns," Becerra said.

“拯救生命的处方药不应该耗费掉任何人的毕生积蓄。然而，很多低收入家庭往往出于费用考虑而无法使用处方药。”贝塞拉说。

"The Biden-Harris Administration remains committed to making health care more affordable for American families, and this plan outlines one key way we will do that.

“拜登-哈里斯政府依旧致力于让美国家庭更能够负担得起医疗保健费用，这项计划勾勒出了我们将实现这一目标的一个关键途径。

By promoting negotiation, competition, and innovation in the health care industry, we will ensure cost fairness and protect access to care."

通过促进医疗行业的协商、竞争与创新，我们将确保费用合理，并保障人们获得医疗服务的权利。”

Right now, the Department estimates that Americans spend more than $1,500 a person on prescription drugs.

目前，据该部门估计，美国人在处方药上的人均支出超过1500美元。

It wrote that the prices for name-brand drugs experience price hikes beyond the rate of inflation, adding that the costs become infeasible for many Americans, forcing them to decline prescription treatments.

它写道，名牌药品的价格涨幅超过了通货膨胀率，并补充说，对许多美国人来说，这些支出变得不可承受，迫使他们放弃处方治疗。

The administration attributes some of the reasons for the phenomenon to the monopolistic power of Big Pharma.

政府将这种现象的部分原因归结于大型制药公司的垄断势力。

For example, Turing Pharmaceuticals' drug Daraprim, used to treat the parasitic infection toxoplasmosis that affects roughly 200,000 people a year, entered the market in 1953.

例如，图灵制药公司的药物达拉匹林于1953年进入市场。达拉匹林曾用于治疗寄生虫感染弓形虫病，该病每年影响约20万人。

It was soon followed by a number of FDA-approved generic versions of the drug.

很快，FDA批准了许多该药物的仿制药。

In later years, however, distribution of the drug became more controlled, pushing a number of generics out of the market who could not get the samples of Daraprim needed to complete required testing.

然而，在后来的几年里，该药物的分销受到了更严格的控制，许多仿制药被赶出了市场，因为他们无法获得所需的达拉匹林样品来完成所要求的的检测。

In 2015, the price of the drug ballooned from $13.50 to $750.00 per pill.

2015年，该药的价格从每片13.50美元飙升至750美元。