2022年经济学人 硅谷Theranos公司创始人欺诈罪名成立（在线收听）

The world this week -- Business

本周国际要闻——商业

Following a three-month trial a jury in Silicon Valley found Elizabeth Holmes guilty of intentionally deceiving investors in Theranos, a startup she founded that had promised to revolutionise medicine by detecting disease from just a few drops of blood.

经过三个月的庭审，硅谷的一个陪审团裁定伊丽莎白·霍姆斯故意欺骗Theranos投资者的罪名成立。Theranos是她创立的一家初创公司，曾承诺通过几滴血就能检测出疾病，从而彻底改变医学。

The jury was told that Ms Holmes knew that the firm’s core technology was faulty, and lied about its prospects.

陪审团被告知，霍姆斯女士知道该公司的核心技术存在缺陷，并对其前景撒谎。

At Theranos’s zenith, in her black turtlenecks giving a TED talk, Ms Holmes symbolised the self-assured culture of tech startups.

在Theranos的巅峰时期，霍姆斯身穿黑色高领毛衣在TED发表演讲，那时她是科技初创企业自信文化的象征。

She will be sentenced later.

她将在之后被判刑。

Turkey’s annual inflation rate soared in December to 36%, up from 21% the previous month.

土耳其12月份的年通货膨胀率从上个月的21%飙升至36%。

The country’s currency has slumped, falling by 44% against the dollar in 2021, mostly as a result of Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s unorthodox economic policy of badgering the central bank to cut interest rates.

该国货币暴跌，2021年兑美元下跌44%，这主要是由雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安的非正统经济政策——即要求央行降息——造成的。

All this has only fuelled inflation in Turkey, which is dependent on imported energy and goods.

所有这一切只是加剧了土耳其的通胀，因为土耳其依赖进口能源和商品。

The cost of transport was up by 54% in December, year on year, and food and drink by 44%.

去年12月，交通成本同比上涨54%，食品和饮料价格同比上涨44%。

Toyota sold more cars in the United States than General Motors in 2021, the first time that gm has lost the annual crown of America’s biggest carseller since the early 1930s.

2021年，丰田在美国的汽车销量超过了通用汽车，这是通用汽车自上世纪30年代初以来首次失去美国最大汽车销售商的年度桂冠。

The Detroit giant was hit particularly hard by the global shortage of computer chips, causing it to curtail production sharply.

全球电脑芯片短缺对这家底特律巨头的打击尤为严重，导致该公司大幅减产。

Its Japanese rival had stockpiled chips, leaving it ready to take advantage of rising demand for new cars when pandemic restrictions eased.

它的日本竞争对手已经储备了芯片，这使其做好了准备，在疫情限制放松期间充分利用了人们对新车不断增长的需求。

Toyota says it does not expect to be America’s king of the roads in 2022.

丰田表示，它预计在2022年还不会成为美国的道路之王。

With investors adjusting to expectations of a faster pace of interest-rate rises, stockmarkets had a wobbly week.

随着投资者对加息步伐加快的预期进行调整，股市经历了动荡的一周。

Tech stocks were hit hard; the Nasdaq had its worst start to a new year since 2008.

科技股受到重创；纳斯达克指数迎来了自2008年以来最糟糕的新年开局。

Shares in airlines and the wider travel industry fared better as fears receded that Omicron would shut borders again.

随着对奥米克戎会令边境再次关闭的担忧消退，航空公司和更广泛的旅游业的股票表现更好。

Last year also saw a few frights in the markets, but overall the S&P 500 was up by 27% over the 12 months, the Nasdaq by 21% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average by 19%.

去年市场也出现了一些恐慌，但总体而言，标准普尔500指数在12个月内上涨了27%，纳斯达克指数上涨了21%，道琼斯工业平均指数上涨了19%。

In Europe the Stoxx 600 ended December 22% higher than when it opened in January.

在欧洲，斯托克600指数12月收盘时比1月开盘时高出22%。

Apple became the first company to reach $3trn in market capitalisation.

苹果成为第一家市值达到3万亿美元的公司。

It was a brief moment, as its value fell back amid the rout in tech stocks.

这是一个短暂的时刻，因为它的股价在科技股暴跌中回落。

The company’s share price has more than tripled since the depths of the pandemic in March 2020.

自2020年3月疫情最严重的时期以来，该公司的股价已经上涨了两倍多。