科学美国人60秒 SSS 海洋生物如何与海上风能共存(1)（在线收听）

Offshore wind in the US is poised for a boom.

美国海上风电正蓬勃发展。

States from Rhode Island on down to Virginia all have plans to ramp up offshore wind over the next decade, and the Biden administration has pledged to add 30 gigawatts of offshore wind by 2030.

从罗德岛到弗吉尼亚州，各州都计划在未来十年增加海上风力发电，拜登政府承诺到2030年增加30千兆瓦的海上风力发电。

It's all part of an energy overhaul that aims to swap fossil fuels for renewables, reining in climate change and protecting our planet.

这一切都是能源改革的一部分，旨在将化石燃料转换为可再生能源，控制气候变化，保护我们的地球。

Curbing climate change is one of the best things we can do to protect marine species, but harnessing the wind to blow back emissions is not without its own impacts.

遏制气候变化是我们保护海洋生物所能做的最好的事情之一，但利用风能减少排放也不是没有影响。

Of special concern are these denizens of the sea.

特别值得关注的是这些海洋生物。

That's a North Atlantic right whale recorded off the Coast of Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts.

这是在马萨诸塞州玛莎葡萄园岛海岸记录的北大西洋露脊鲸。

North Atlantic right whales migrate in feed along the US East Coast, which is also ground zero for the US's growing offshore wind industry.

北大西洋露脊鲸沿着美国东海岸迁徙进食，那里也是美国不断发展的海上风能产业的起点。

Scientific American Custom Media spoke with oceanographer Joe Brodie.

科学美国定制媒体采访了海洋学家乔·布罗迪。

He's part of a team trying to figure out how to avoid conflicts between wind turbines and whales.

他是一个团队的成员，该团队试图找出如何避免风力涡轮机和鲸鱼之间的冲突。

After a few years as a flight attendant, he left the friendly skies for the sea.

当了几年空中乘务员后，他离开了友好的天空去出海。

Now, he's the Offshore Wind Research Lead at the Rutgers Center for Ocean Observing Leadership.

现在，他是罗格斯海洋观测领导中心的海上风能研究负责人。

Joe, the North Atlantic right whale is one of the world's most endangered species.

乔，北大西洋露脊鲸是世界上最濒危的物种之一。

Only about 400 of them are left.

它们中只剩下大约400只。

Can offshore wind development along the East Coast coexist with right whales?

东海岸的海上风能开发能与露脊鲸共存吗？

And if so, how?

如果能的话，又是如何做到的呢？

I think the answer is definitely, the two can coexist.

我认为答案是肯定的，两者可以并存。

It just has to be done intelligently and with as much information as possible.

它只需要智能地操作，并尽可能多地利用信息。

The idea is...I guess a good way to put it in a term that we used to use at the airline was situational awareness, knowing what's out there, when it's out there, where they are, and what they're doing is going to make all the difference.

我们的想法是...我想，用我们过去在航空公司使用的一个术语来说，一个很好的方式就是了解情况，知道外面有什么，它什么时候在那里，它们在哪里，它们正在做的事情将会产生的所有变化。

So you're part of a project funded by the offshore wind company Orsted and their ocean wind project partners in New Jersey that uses acoustic monitoring to track and study whales.

所以你是一个项目的一部分，该项目由海上风能公司赫斯特德和他们在新泽西州的海洋风能项目合作伙伴资助，该项目使用声学监测来跟踪和研究鲸鱼。

It's called the ecosystem and passive acoustic monitoring project.

它被称为生态系统和被动声监测项目。