纪录片《文明》 第73期 自视如何（34）（在线收听）

Winckelmann was a man who had enthused over

温克尔曼曾倾情于许多

any number of Greco-Roman bodies,

希腊罗马式的人体雕塑

but the Apollo Belvedere really tipped him over the edge.

但《观景殿的阿波罗》尤其让他神魂颠倒

But Winckelmann offered more than words of adoration.

温克尔曼不仅用言语表达了赞美之情

He would devise a brand-new theory

还研究出一套全新的理论

that would leave an awkward and lasting legacy.

为后世带来了恒久但略显尴尬的影响

In the library at Syon is the book

正是在赛昂图书馆的书中

in which Winckelmann first laid out his theories.

温克尔曼首次提出了他的理论

Originally published in 1764,

这本书首次出版于1764年

it was in these pages

正是在这些字里行间

that the Apollo was elevated above a mere artwork

阿波罗从一件艺术品被升华

to stand as the ultimate symbol of civilisation itself.

成为文明本身的终极象征

This is Winckelmann's most influential book,

这是温克尔曼最具影响力的书

History Of The Art Of The Ancient World,

《古文明艺术史》

and on the front page, there is, in fact,

其实在扉页上

a lovely drawing which includes the Apollo Belvedere.

正是这幅美丽的《观景殿的阿波罗》

And what he did that no-one had systematically done before

他提出一条前人未能系统地完成的理论

was to say that the best art

他说最好的艺术

was made at the time of the best politics.

创造于太平盛世

It was almost as if he was wanting to argue

这就是说 他想证明

that you could track the history,

如果你追溯历史

the rise and fall of civilisation

会发现文明的兴衰变化

through the rise and fall

是伴随着

of the representation of the human body.

政权的衰落和昌盛而变化的

Winckelmann's views would seduce

温克尔曼的观点甚至

even our most esteemed art historians.

吸引到了我们最受尊敬的艺术历史学家

This is the figure of the most admired

这是世界上

piece of sculpture in the world.

最受人尊崇的雕塑之一

The Apollo surely embodies a higher state of civilisation.

阿波罗雕像无疑是更高文明程度的体现

For more than 200 years,

两百多年来

Greek sculpture was regarded

希腊雕塑一直被视为

as a beacon of a superior Western civilisation.

优秀西方文明的灯塔

The northern imagination

北方民族的想象力

takes shape in an image of fear and darkness.

是受恐惧与黑暗的影响而产生的