纪录片《大英博物馆世界简史》 036耶路撒冷沃伦杯(1)（在线收听）

The Warren Cup is made of silver, it's a goblet, and it looks as though it would hold a pretty large glass of wine. It's in the shape of a small sporting trophy, standing on a small base, a bit wonkily now, and it would once have had two handles, although those are now lost. But you can see at once that this is a work of supreme craftsmanship. The scenes on the cup are in relief, and they've been created by beating out the silver from the inside. Given the subject-matter, it must have been used at private parties, but it would certainly have commanded the admiration and the attention of everybody present.

这件制作于两千年前的罗马银器是个看起来容量颇大的高脚酒杯。形状就像一个底座很小的现代运动奖杯，它可能曾有两个把手，但现在已经丢了。任何人都能 一眼看出它的工艺十分精美。酒杯上凸起的图案是靠敲打银杯内壁形成的。它应该曾在私人宴会上使用，就其图案主题而言，想必会获得在场所有人的欣赏。

Lavish eating and drinking was one of the key rituals of the Roman world which, two thousand years ago, ran from Spain to Syria. Throughout the Empire, Roman officials and local bigwigs would use banquets to oil the wheels of politics and business, and to show off wealth and status. Roman women were generally excluded from events such as the drinking parties where our cup would have been found, and I think we can assume that it was intended for an all-male guest list. So I'm afraid you'll have to imagine that you're a man, arriving at a grand villa near Jerusalem, somewhere around the year 10.

铺张的盛宴是罗马世界的重要仪式。在整个帝国，罗马的官员与地方权贵都靠宴席来炫耀自己的权势，并打通政商关节。一般来说，罗马的妇女不会出席可能摆放这种酒杯的豪饮宴席，我们能大致肯定，它是为仅有男性出席的场合而准备的。

Slaves lead you through to an opulent dining area, where you recline with the other guests. The dining table is set with beautifully embellished silver platters and ornate vessels, and this is the context in which our cup would have been passed around among the guests. On it are shown two scenes of male love-making, set in a sumptuous private house. The lovers are depicted on draped couches similar to the ones that you, the guest, are lounging on. And you can see a lyre and pipes waiting to be played as the participants settle to their sensual pleasure. Here's Classical historian Bettany Hughes.

想象一下，在公元十年左右，一位男子来到耶路撒冷附近的一所豪宅。奴隶将他引进了华丽的宴会区，然后他和别的宾客一样在椅子上斜躺下来。桌上摆放着银质餐具与华美的器皿。在这样的场景下，本文的酒杯在宾客手中传递。上面的两幅男性性爱场景，都发生在私人豪宅。银杯上的人就躺在我们想象中的宾客所倚靠的同样的躺椅上，旁边还有一把七弦琴与几把管弦乐器，等待着在他们享受感官欢乐时奏响。古代历史学家兼电台主持贝塔尼休斯说道。