VOA新闻杂志2023 巴西为打击校园暴力加强武装安保（在线收听）

On April 5, a man killed four children in a Brazilian daycare center.

4月5日，一名男子在巴西一家日托中心杀害了四名儿童。

In the weeks since, Brazilian officials have detained 300 adults and children nationwide.

在那之后的几周里，巴西警方在全国范围内拘留了300名成年人和儿童。

The detainees are accused of spreading hate speech or encouraging school violence.

被拘留者被指控散布仇恨言论或鼓励校园暴力。

Little has been made public about the crackdown.

有关此次打击行动的公开信息很少。

It risks an abuse of power by the country's court system.

这可能会导致该国法院系统滥用权力。

It also shows the strong reaction to school violence across federal, state and city levels.

这还引起了联邦、州和市各级对校园暴力的强烈反应。

Brazil's efforts to end school attacks are very different from those of the United States.

巴西为结束校园袭击所做的努力与美国截然不同。

In the U.S., such attacks have been more common and more deadly for a longer period.

在美国，这类袭击更常见，更致命，持续的时间更久。

But measures to prevent the violence have come much more slowly.

但防止暴力的措施却迟迟没有到位。

Actions taken in the U.S. are informing the Brazilian response, said Renan Theodoro.

雷南·西奥多罗表示，美国采取的行动对巴西的应对措施产生了影响。

He is a researcher with the Center for the Study of Violence at the University of Sao Paulo in Brazil.

他是巴西圣保罗大学暴力研究中心的一名研究员。

"We have learned from the successes and the mistakes of other countries, especially the United States," Theodoro told The Associated Press.

西奥多罗告诉美联社：“我们从其他国家的成功和错误中吸取了教训，尤其是美国。”

Brazil has seen almost 24 attacks or incidents of violence in schools since 2000.

自2000年以来，巴西发生了近24起校园暴力事件。

Half of them have been in the past year.

其中一半发生在去年。

President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's government has looked for ideas from researchers and experts.

总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦的政府一直在寻求研究人员和专家的意见。

This week, he organized a meeting of ministers, mayors and Supreme Court justices to discuss possible solutions.

本周，他组织了一次部长、市长和最高法院法官参加的会议，讨论可能的解决方案。

Some measures that Brazil has already taken are in line with those introduced over time in the U.S.

巴西已经采取的一些措施与美国长期以来采取的措施是一致的。

Those measures include the creation of emergency communications systems, safety training for school workers, federal money for mental health, and more security equipment.

其中包括创建紧急通信系统，对学校工作人员进行安全培训，为心理健康提供联邦资金，以及更多安全设备。

But Brazil has also detained suspects and has pushed to regulate social media sites.

但巴西还拘留了嫌疑人，并推动规范社交媒体网站。

Those measures have not been taken in the U.S.

美国还没有采取这些措施。

Many Brazilian states did not wait for the federal response.

巴西许多州并没有等待联邦政府做出回应。

Sao Paulo, for example, temporarily hired 550 mental health experts to work at its public schools.

例如，圣保罗临时聘请了550名心理健康专家在其公立学校工作。

It also hired 1,000 private security guards.

它还雇佣了1000名私人保安。

School shootings in the U.S. often create debate.

美国的校园枪击案经常引发争论。

But at the federal level, the debate usually ends without a solution.

但在联邦层面上，争论通常没有解决方案。

Democrats center on gun control while Republicans push for stronger security measures.

民主党的重点是枪支管制，而共和党则推动更强有力的安全措施。

Brazil's efforts have gained support in part because measures have not included restricting gun use.

巴西的措施得到了支持，部分原因是这些措施没有包括限制枪支使用。

Gun control is increasingly a divisive political issue in Brazil, like it is in the U.S.

与美国一样，枪支管制在巴西日益成为一个引起分歧的政治问题。

Brazil's school attacks are also more often carried out with other weapons, especially knives.

巴西的校园袭击也更多地使用其他武器，尤其是刀具。

In the U.S., legislation rarely passes.

在美国，立法很少通过。

There have been exceptions, however.

然而，也有例外。

A bill was approved last year after an attack at a Texas elementary school and other mass shootings.

去年，在得克萨斯州一所小学发生袭击事件和其他大规模枪击事件后，一项法案获得批准。

The bill made background checks stricter and kept guns away from those guilty of domestic violence.

该法案使背景调查变得更加严格，并使枪支远离那些犯有家庭暴力罪的人。

The bill also gave $1 billion for student mental health and school security.

该法案还拨款10亿美元用于学生心理健康和学校安全。

Other change has come more slowly.

其他变化发生得比较慢。

In almost every state, schools are now required to have safety plans that often include what to do if a shooter enters the school.

现在几乎每个州都要求学校制定安全计划，通常包括在枪手进入学校时应该怎么做。

Many individual school systems have their own safety call centers.

许多学校系统都有自己的安全呼叫中心。

Some use software to watch social media for threats.

有些人使用软件监视社交媒体上的威胁。

Lawmaker Eduardo Bolsonaro is the son of Brazil's far-right former president.

议员爱德华多·博索纳罗是巴西极右翼前总统的儿子。

He is calling for metal detectors and armed guards.

他呼吁配备金属探测器和武装警卫。

He introduced a bill to make them required at all schools.

他提出了一项法案，要求所有学校都必须遵守。

For Brazil, hoping for quick solutions risks introducing abuses of power.

对巴西来说，希望快速解决问题可能会导致权力滥用。

Officials have not offered details on why the 302 suspects have been arrested in the past two weeks.

警方没有详细说明为什么在过去两周逮捕了302名嫌疑人。

When asked by the AP, the Justice Ministry did not say how many of the detainees were under the age of 18.

当美联社询问时，司法部没有说明被拘留者中有多少人年龄在18岁以下。

The ministry is also ordering a national consumer agency to fine technology companies for not removing content seen as praising school violence or making threats.

司法部还命令一个国家消费者机构对未删除被视为赞扬校园暴力或制造威胁的内容的科技公司进行罚款。

There appears to be large support for regulating social media sites.

监管社交媒体网站似乎得到了很大的支持。

At this week's meeting in the capital, Lula, his justice minister, two Supreme Court justices and the Senate's president voiced support for regulation of the sites.

本周在首都举行的会议上，卢拉、他的司法部长、两名最高法院法官和参议院议长表示支持对这些网站进行监管。

They argued that speech that is illegal in real life cannot be permitted online.

他们认为，在现实生活中非法的言论也不能在网上传播。

The Rights in Network Coalition is a Brazilian group of 50 organizations centered on basic digital rights.

网络权利联盟是一个由50个组织组成的巴西组织，以基本数字权利为中心。

It has expressed concern over giving the government the power to decide what can be said on social media.

该组织对赋予政府决定社交媒体上可以发表什么的权力表示担忧。

Some social media platforms resisted the move but are now agreeing to the changes.

有些社交媒体平台之前抵制这一举措，但现在认同了这些变化。

More than 750 profiles have been removed or suspended, Justice Minister Flávio Dino said.

司法部长弗拉维奥·迪诺表示，已有750多份个人资料被删除。

I'm Dan Novak.

丹·诺瓦克为您播报。