VOA今日美国2023 全球被迫流离失所者人数达到约1.1亿（在线收听）

The United Nations refugee agency, the UNHCR, says more people have been displaced from their homes than ever before.

联合国难民事务高级专员公署表示，流离失所的人比以往任何时候都多。

Recent conflicts in Sudan and Ukraine forced millions of people from their homes and pushed the number of displaced people to 110 million, the most ever.

最近苏丹和乌克兰的冲突迫使数百万人背井离乡，使流离失所者的人数达到1.1亿人，创历史新高。

Other conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Myanmar, and Ethiopia added to the total.

刚果民主共和国、缅甸和埃塞俄比亚的其他冲突也增加了流离失所者的人数。

The latest number includes refugees, asylum-seekers, internally displaced people and, what the UNHCR calls, other people in need of international protection.

最新的数字包括难民、寻求庇护者、境内流离失所者以及联合国难民事务高级专员公署所说的其他需要国际保护的人。

At the end of 2022, the number was just over 108 million, but the conflict in Sudan pushed another 2 million people away from home since April.

到2022年底，这一数字略高于1.08亿，但自今年4月以来，苏丹的冲突又迫使200万人背井离乡。

The fighting in Ukraine was the main reason for a 19 million-person increase in 2022.

乌克兰战争是2022年流离失所者人数增加1900万的主要原因。

"It's quite an indictment on the state of our world," said Filippo Grandi.

菲利波·格兰迪说：“这是我们这个世界的一大败象。”

He is an Italian diplomat and the UN High Commissioner for Refugees.

他是意大利外交官和联合国难民事务高级专员。

He called solutions to the problem "increasingly difficult to even imagine."

他称解决这一问题的办法“越来越难以想象”。

Of the total number of refugees needing protection, he said half of them came from only three countries: Afghanistan, Syria and Ukraine.

他说，在需要保护的难民总数中，有一半只来自三个国家：阿富汗、叙利亚和乌克兰。

Many people are seeking safety within their own countries but about 35 million are officially refugees because they are in other countries.

许多人在自己的国家寻求安全，但大约有3500万人因为在其他国家而正式成为难民。

He called the causes of displacement "the usual," which include fighting, persecution, violence and climate change.

他称流离失所的原因是“常见的”，包括战斗、迫害、暴力和气候变化。

He also called for some countries to think about their position on accepting refugees.

他还呼吁一些国家考虑他们在接收难民问题上的立场。

He said many countries signed documents offering acceptance and protection in 1951.

他说，许多国家在1951年签署了接收和保护（难民）的文件。

However, those countries are now "reluctant" to accept them.

然而，这些国家现在“不愿意”接收他们。

He called restrictions on new immigrants and asylum seekers "pushback," and he criticized those nations for "blaming them for everything that has happened."

他称对新移民和寻求庇护者的限制是“抵制”，并批评这些国家“将发生的一切归咎于他们”。

Grandi said most refugees are in low-to-middle income countries in Africa and Asia.

格兰迪说，大多数难民生活在非洲和亚洲的中低收入国家。

He said rich countries in Europe and North America are not accepting as many.

他说，欧洲和北美的富裕国家没有接收那么多难民。

Turkey and Iran have received over 3 million each.

土耳其和伊朗分别接收了超过300万人。

The UN says there are 5.7 million Ukrainian refugees across Europe and beyond.

联合国表示，欧洲及其他地区共接收了570万乌克兰难民。

Grandi said the U.S. received the most new asylum claims in 2022 – over 730,000.

格兰迪说，美国在2022年收到了最多的新庇护申请，超过73万份。

However, it is also the country with the longest delays in its system.

然而，它也是系统延误时间最长的国家。

"One of the things that needs to be done is reforming that asylum system so that it becomes more rapid, more efficient," Grandi said.

格兰迪说：“需要做的事情之一是改革庇护制度，使之变得更快、更有效率。”

Grandi did offer some praise.

格兰迪确实给予了一些赞扬。

He said Kenya is working to find answers for the refugees within its borders.

他说，肯尼亚正在努力寻找解决其境内难民问题的办法。

He also praised a deal reached recently by European Union leaders to share responsibility for migrants and refugees.

他还赞扬了欧盟领导人最近达成的分担移民和难民责任的协议。