VOA时事新闻2023 美国"第42条"即将失效, 大批移民涌向美墨边界（在线收听）

美国"第42条"即将失效, 大批移民涌向美墨边界

Large numbers of migrants are crossing the United States border just hours before pandemic-related asylum restrictions are set to end.

就在与疫情相关的庇护限制措施即将结束的几个小时前，大量移民正在越过美国边境。

There are fears among migrants that new policies will make it far more difficult to enter the country.

移民们担心，新政策会让他们更难进入美国。

In the early days of the pandemic, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a public health order to stop the spread of COVID-19.

在疫情初期，美国疾病控制与预防中心发布了一项公共卫生命令，以阻止新冠病毒的传播。

The restrictions under the order are widely known as Title 42.

该命令下的限制措施被广泛称为“第42条”。

It permitted U.S. officials to quickly expel migrants at the border.

它允许美国官员迅速驱逐边境上的移民。

But it carried no legal threat, leading to repeat border crossing attempts.

但它没有产生法律威胁，导致移民多次企图越境。

The Biden administration has been releasing measures to replace Title 42 restrictions.

拜登政府一直在发布取代“第42条”的措施。

They include opening processing centers outside the U.S. and screening migrants at the border.

其中包括在美国境外开设移民处理中心，以及在边境对移民进行筛查。

After Thursday, migrants face being banned from entering the U.S. for five years and possible criminal prosecution.

周四之后，移民将在五年内禁止进入美国，并可能面临刑事起诉。

The U.S. Border Patrol stopped about 10,000 migrants on Tuesday, one of its busiest days ever, one official told The Associated Press.

一名官员告诉美联社，美国边境巡逻队周二拦截了大约1万名移民，这是有史以来最忙的一天之一。

That is almost twice the daily average of about 5,200 in March.

这几乎是3月份日均约5200名移民的两倍。

And more than 27,000 people had been detained by Customs and Border Protection, the official said, well above capacity.

这位官员表示，海关和边境保护局拘留了超过2.7万人，远远超出了能力范围。

In March, 8,600 were detained.

今年3月，有8600人被拘留。

In a move to clear out crowded holding centers, U.S. Border Patrol agents were told Wednesday to begin releasing some migrants.

为了清理拥挤的拘留中心，美国边境巡逻人员星期三被告知开始释放一些移民。

The agents instructed them to appear at an immigration office in the United States within 60 days, a U.S. official said.

一名美国官员表示，美国边境巡逻人员命令他们在60天内到美国移民办公室报到。

At the same time, the U.S. has introduced new legal pathways into the country.

与此同时，美国介绍了新的移民该国的法律途径。

Up to 30,000 people a month from Haiti, Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela can enter if they apply online with a financial supporter and enter through an airport.

来自海地、古巴、尼加拉瓜和委内瑞拉的人可以在有金融支持者的情况下在网上提出申请并通过机场入境，每月最多可以入境3万人。

Up to 1,000 can enter daily through land crossings with Mexico if they set up a meeting with government officials.

如果与政府官员会面，每天最多有1000人可以通过与墨西哥接壤的陆路口岸入境。

William Contreras of Venezuela told the AP that he heard many migrants were released in the United States.

委内瑞拉的威廉·孔特雷拉斯告诉美联社，他听说许多移民在美国获释。

"What we understand is that they won't be letting anyone else in," said Contreras' friend, Pablo.

孔特雷拉斯的朋友巴勃罗说：“我们所了解的是，他们不会让任何其他人入境。”

The man declined to give his last name because he planned to cross the border illegally.

这名男子拒绝透露自己的姓氏，因为他计划非法越境。

"That's the reason for our urgency to cross through the border today," he said.

他说：“这就是我们今天迫切需要穿越边境的原因”。

In San Diego, California, more than 100 migrants, many of them Colombian families, slept between two border walls.

在加利福尼亚州圣迭戈，100多名移民睡在两堵边境墙之间，其中许多是哥伦比亚家庭。

They were watched over by Border Patrol agents who had nowhere to take them for processing.

他们由边境巡逻人员看管，他们不知道带他们去哪里办理手续。

Albino Leon, 51, was traveling with his wife and daughter.

51岁的阿尔比诺·莱昂和他的妻子和女儿一起旅行。

News that Title 42 was ending led the family to want to make the trip now.

“第42条”即将结束的消息让这家人想现在就去旅行。

"With the changes they are making to the laws, it's now or never," said Leon.

莱昂说：“随着他们对法律的修改，机不可失；时不待我。”

He flew to Mexico from Colombia and got past the first border wall to reach U.S. land.

他从哥伦比亚飞往墨西哥，越过了到达美国陆地的第一道边境墙。

About 400 migrants gathered under strong winds along the Rio Grande River near El Paso, Texas.

大约400名移民顶着强风聚集在得克萨斯州埃尔帕索附近的格兰德河沿岸。

Major Sean Storrud of the Texas National Guard said his troops have explained to migrants the results of crossing illegally.

得克萨斯州国民警卫队少校肖恩·斯托鲁德表示，他的部队已经向移民解释了非法越境的后果。

"The migrants don't really know what's going to happen," Storrud said.

斯托鲁德说：“移民们并不真正知道会发生什么。”

I'm Dan Novak.

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