VOA新闻杂志2023--美国给数万名在美委内瑞拉人提供工作许可（在线收听）

The administration of U.S. President Joe Biden says it will temporarily stop deportations of nearly half a million Venezuelans already in the country. In addition, the immigrants will be able to get permission to work.

拜登政府表示，将暂时停止驱逐已在美国境内的近50万委内瑞拉人。除此之外，这些移民将能够获得工作许可。

It is estimated that about 472,000 Venezuelan immigrants entered the U.S. on or before July 31. They now have the ability to get Temporary Protected Status (TPS) that will last for 18 months. About 243,000 Venezuelans already have the status from a 2021 policy change that was renewed last year.

据估计，约有47.2万委内瑞拉移民在7月31日或之前进入了美国。他们现在可以获得持续18个月的临时庇护身份。自一项2021年政策改革去年更新以来，约有24.3万委内瑞拉人已经获得了这一身份。

The promise of work permits will not affect people who cross the border illegally and seek asylum. People who enter the country illegally must wait for six months to receive work permits.

工作许可的承诺不会影响非法越境寻求庇护的人士。非法入境者必须等待六个月才能获得工作许可。

The policy for Venezuelans is important because they make up such a large number of the migrants who have been arriving in the country recently.

这项针对委内瑞拉人的政策很重要，因为他们在最近抵达美国的移民中占了很大一部分。

Biden, a member of the Democrat Party, is seeking reelection in 2024. During Biden's time in office, the country has faced more illegal border crossings than ever before. The mass migration is partly the result of people fleeing severe economic and political problems in Venezuela.

民主党人拜登正在寻求2024年的连任。在拜登执政期间，该国面临的非法越境事件比以往任何时候都多。大规模移民的部分原因是人们逃离委内瑞拉严重的经济和政治问题。

It is estimated that at least 7.3 million Venezuelans have left the country in the last 10 years. Most have migrated to neighboring South American countries. But in the last three years, many have been coming to the United States.

据估计，过去10年至少有730万委内瑞拉人离开了该国。大多数移民到了邻近的南美国家。但在过去的三年里，许多人来到了美国。

On Wednesday, New York City Mayor Eric Adams praised the Biden administration's plan to expand work permits for newly arrived migrants.

周三，纽约市市长埃里克·亚当斯赞扬了拜登政府扩大新移民工作许可的计划。

However, news media have reported that local officials have said it is difficult to deal with large numbers of migrants entering cities and towns.

然而，新闻媒体报道称，当地官员表示，很难处理大量进入城镇的移民。

New York City, for example, is required to provide housing for anyone who needs it. The city is currently paying to house about 60,000 newly arrived migrants.

例如，纽约市被要求为任何有需要者提供住房。该市目前正在支付约6万名新移民的住房费用。

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) said the expansion of protected status for Venezuelans was needed. It said this was because of "Venezuela's increased instability and lack of safety."

美国国土安全部表示，有必要扩大委内瑞拉人的受保护身份。它说，这是因为“委内瑞拉的不稳定增加和安全缺乏。”

The number of migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border illegally dropped in May. But crossings returned to high levels in the following months.

5月份，非法穿越美墨边境的移民人数有所下降。但在接下来的几个月里，越境人数又恢复到了高位。

The Biden administration said the U.S. Department of Defense will send an additional 800 military troops to the border. That is in addition to 2,500 National Guard troops already deployed. The aim is to aid U.S. Customs and Border Protection operations.

拜登政府表示，美国国防部将向边境增派800名军人。这是对已部署到位的2500名国民警卫队士兵的补充。目的是协助美国海关和边境保护局的行动。

Also, the Biden administration will expand a program launched in May to quickly process migrant families seeking asylum and possibly to deport them.

此外，拜登政府将扩大5月启动的一项计划，以快速处理寻求庇护的移民家庭并可能将他们驱逐出境。

The DHS said it would increase the time that work permits are valid for some immigrants, including asylum-seekers, to five years. This would permit the government to work on processing new requests.

国土安全部表示，将把包括寻求庇护者在内的一些移民的工作许可有效期延长至五年。这将使政府能够处理新的申请。

The DHS also said it has deported 253,000 people to more than 150 countries since May 12.

国土安全部还表示，自5月12日以来，已将25.3万人驱逐到150多个国家。