VOA健康报道2023 流行减肥药或增加麻醉下并发症的风险（在线收听）

流行减肥药或增加麻醉下并发症的风险

Doctors who practice anesthesiology in the United States and Canada are expressing concern about patients who take popular weight loss drugs leading up to surgery.

美国和加拿大的麻醉医生对在手术前服用流行减肥药的患者表示担忧。

Anesthesiologists work together with surgeons to make sure their patients are asleep, or sedated, before medical procedures.

麻醉师和外科医生一起工作，确保他们的患者在手术之前处于睡眠状态（即镇静状态）。

More and more people are taking the weight loss drugs Ozempic and Wegovy.

越来越多的人正在服用减肥药Ozempic和Wegovy。

Anesthesiologists say they are having trouble deciding when surgeries should take place.

麻醉师表示，他们在决定何时应该进行手术时遇到了困难。

That is because the weight loss drugs cause people to hold food in their stomachs longer than usual.

这是因为减肥药会导致胃里储存食物的时间比平时更长。

People who still have food in their stomachs when they are put to sleep before surgery risk a complication known as a pulmonary aspiration.

在手术前睡着的时候胃里仍有食物的人有可能会出现一种并发症——误吸性肺炎。

That is that is the term for when someone breathes some of their stomach contents into their lungs.

这个术语指的是人把部分胃容物吸入肺中。

In extreme cases, the food particles can cause infection or even death.

在极端情况下，食物颗粒可能会导致感染甚至死亡。

Most patients are told to not eat for about eight hours before surgery.

大多数患者被告知在手术前大约八个小时内不要进食。

However, the doctors say those guidelines may need to be changed for patients who are using the weight loss drugs.

然而，医生们表示，对于正在服用减肥药的患者，这些指南可能需要改变。

Ion Hobai is an anesthesiologist at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.

扬·霍拜是波士顿马萨诸塞州综合医院的麻醉师。

He said everyone who takes the drugs should know about "such a serious sort of potential complication."

他说，每个服用减肥药的人都应该知道“这种严重的潜在并发症”。

Komodo Health is a technology company that works in healthcare.

Komodo Health是一家从事医疗保健的科技公司。

According to its research, nearly 6 million prescriptions for the weight loss drugs were written in the first five months of 2023.

根据该公司的研究，在2023年的前五个月，有近600万张减肥药处方被开出。

In June, the American Society of Anesthesiologists said patients should not take daily weight loss medications on the day of surgery.

今年6月，美国麻醉师协会表示，患者不应在手术当天服用按日服用的减肥药。

It also advised that patients should not get their weekly weight loss injection for a week before any sedation procedures.

它还建议患者在进行麻醉前一周不要注射每周一次的减肥针。

Dr. Michael Champeau is the head of the organization.

迈克尔·尚波博士是该组织的负责人。

He said the recommendation is based on experiences from anesthesiologists around the United States.

他说，这一建议是基于美国各地麻醉师的经验。

A group of anesthesiologists, including Hobai, said they would recommend even more time off from the drugs before surgery.

包括霍拜在内的一群麻醉师表示，他们会建议患者在手术前停药更长时间。

In the Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, they suggested about three weeks.

在《加拿大麻醉杂志》上，他们建议在手术前大约三周停药。

Dr. Philip Jones is an anesthesiologist at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota.

菲利普·琼斯博士是明尼苏达州梅奥诊所的麻醉师。

After three weeks, he said, the drug should no longer be affecting the stomach.

他说，三周后，减肥药应该不会再影响胃了。

At that point, he said, "everything should go back to normal."

他说，在那时，“一切都应该恢复正常。”

Hobai said he is finishing a study of 200 patients who were using drugs such as Ozempic and Wegovy before surgery.

霍拜说，他将要完成一项对200名患者的研究，这些患者在手术前使用了Ozempic和Wegovy等药物。

He said his results are similar to a smaller study in Brazil that found 25 percent of patients still had food in their stomachs 10 days after stopping the drug.

他说，他的结果与巴西的一项规模较小的研究相似，那项研究发现，25%的患者在停药10天后胃内仍有食物。

Because of this information, the American Society of Anesthesiologists said doctors who are unsure of their patients' stomach contents should work differently.

由于这些信息，美国麻醉师协会表示，不确定患者胃内是否含有食物的医生应该采取不同的做法。

They say doctors should work as they would if they knew the patient's stomach was full.

他们说，医生应该像已知病人的胃是满的那样采取措施。

Aspiration only happens one time out of every 2,000 to 3,000 operations that require sedation.

每2000到3000次需要麻醉的手术中，就只会发生一次误吸性肺炎。

But when it does happen, the patients develop a lung injury half the time.

但当这种情况确实发生时，患者有一半的时间会发生肺损伤。

That is why the doctors are concerned.

这就是医生们担心的原因。

One of Hobai's patients who had been taking Wegovy developed a problem that required serious care.

霍拜的一名一直在服用Wegovy的患者出现了需要认真护理的问题。

He had not eaten for 18 hours before surgery.

他在手术前已经18个小时没吃东西了。

In another case, a woman taking a small amount of Ozempic did not eat for 10 hours before surgery.

在另一个案例中，一名服用少量Ozempic的女性在手术前10小时内没有进食。

She was in the middle of a procedure that had to be stopped because doctors saw food in her stomach.

医生在手术中途不得不停止手术，因为医生在她的胃里看到了食物。

Dr. Elisa Lund is an anesthesiologist at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill.

埃莉莎·伦德博士是北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的麻醉师。

She said many doctors have similar stories, as the weight loss drugs have become more common.

她说，随着减肥药变得越来越普遍，许多医生都有类似的故事。

"It has exponentially increased," she said.

她说：“它呈指数级增长”。

Novo Nordisk is the drug company that makes Wegovy and Ozempic.

诺和诺德是生产Wegovy和Ozempic的制药公司。

The company said there was nothing in its testing that showed the drug would lead to aspiration.

该公司表示，其在测试中没有任何证据表明该药物会导致误吸。

However, the drug-maker did say the medications can cause the stomach to empty more slowly.

然而，这家制药商确实表示，这些药物会导致胃排空速度变慢。

Hobai said he is also concerned about patients going off their medications for too long.

霍拜说，他还担心患者停药时间太长。

For example, the drugs are used to control the blood sugar level of patients with diabetes.

例如，这些药物被用来控制糖尿病患者的血糖水平。

If they stop taking them before surgery, they may face a different kind of health problem.

如果他们在手术前停止服用，他们可能会面临另一种健康问题。

He said patients who are using the drugs should tell their doctors about them and discuss the risks of having surgery.

他说，正在使用这些药物的患者应该告诉他们的医生，并讨论手术的风险。

"If you're taking this drug and you need an operation, you will need to have some extra precautions," he said.

他说：“如果你正在服用减肥药，且需要做手术，你就需要采取一些额外的预防措施。”