VOA标准英语10月-UN Says N. Korea Food Shortage Dire（在线收听）
Pyongyang-based program directors of major U.N. relief agencies painted a mixed picture of North Korea's ongoing food shortage but maintained the situation remains very serious.
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| Jean-Pierre de Margerie delivers a speech during a conference in Seoul, South Korea, 23 Oct 2008 |
World Food Program country director in the North Korean capital, Jean-Pierre de Margerie, says rising world prices for rice and basic grains, compounded with flooding last year, put many at risk in North Korea - or, as it is known, the DPRK.
"Most of the regions in the DPRK have been sliding downwards towards acute food and livelihood crisis," he said. "And some areas - those most affected by the crisis - are sliding to level four, which is a level of humanitarian emergency."
About a million North Koreans are believed to have died from hunger-related causes in the mid 1990s during a famine brought about by North Korea's self-imposed isolation and economic mismanagement. Periodic flooding takes a much worse toll on farmland in the North than in South Korea, because rainwater flows faster down mountains stripped bare by impoverished North Koreans.
De Margerie says unusually heavy floods last year, and the severe shortages that followed, appear to have made North Korea more cooperative with the United Nations.
He says the WFP has expanded its North Korea operations fivefold. North Korea has allowed 59 WFP staff members into the country this year, including, for the first time, native Korean speakers. He says the organization has a much easier time monitoring food distribution than in previous years.
"We are reaching conditions, which allow us to say that we have random access in the field, allowing us to increase tremendously our level of confidence in terms of confirming that the food is reaching the intended beneficiary," said de Margerie.
De Margerie says unlike previous years, food shortages are affecting what he calls the North's "cereal belt", farming areas in the country's Southeast.
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| North Korean farmers work the fields near Pyongyang, 22 Oct 2008 |
U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization North Korea program coordinator John O'Dae says North Korean agriculture is not working near capacity because its equipment and infrastructure are too dilapidated.
"A lot of equipment - tractors, trailers - is quite old," he said. "It is in a state of poor repair. There is a lack of spare parts and tires."
More crucially, O'Dae says North Korea lacks the fuel to run its equipment, and chemical fertilizer to use in its fields. The shortages are adding to worries the North will have a poor harvest this Fall.
South Korea has not provided any direct food or fertilizer aid to the North this year due to a chill in inter-Korean relations. The U.N. aid directors are scheduled to meet with South Korean officials this week.