Memory（在线收听） |
| BBC Learning EnglishWeekenderMemory Jackie: Hello, welcome to Weekender! My name's…umm, my name's… oh dearwhat was it again? Oh yes! Jackie Dalton. Today's topic ismemory and the programme will hopefully provide you withsome helpful study tips when it comes to memorizinginformation. We'll do this with the help of Andrew Maze. He's a cognitive neuroscientist at the University ofManchester in the UK. What's his tip for how to learnthings you need to remember? AndrewThe best way to learn it is to space your learning. So youdon’t say I've got to learn this… so sit down and spendabout ten hours trying to put it in your head in a sort ofmass practice fashion. Jackie: Andrew's tip for effective learning is tospace it out – don't try and learn a lot in one go. Why isthis? AndrewWhat you do is you process certain parts of it on one dayand then you come back to it the following day or a fewdays later and learn it again and then you do that againand again. And this is much more efficient with much lesstime spent on the learning, you can get up to very highlevels of memory performance and furthermore, it survivesover long periods of time much better than if you learn itall in one go. Jackie: Andrew talks about 'processing' information, which means organising it,- taking the information in and putting it in the rightplace – processing information. He says you process whatyou learn much better if you justdo a little at a time and leave a gap before you try tolearn more. This, he says, is a more 'efficient' way oflearning – more efficient – it's a better way of usingyour time. BBC Learning EnglishJackie: Another tip for you, I always thought thebest time to study for exams was the morning, becausethat's when I felt most focused and awake. But according toAndrew, we tend to remember things better if we learn themat night. Why is this? Listen to Andrew to find outAndrewIf you learn something last thing at night and then go tosleep and compare that with learning something during theday and you then have 8 active hours after that in whichyou're learning new things, what you find after a few daysis that you remember the information that you learnt lastthing at night, immediately before you went to sleep - youremember that best. If you learn something during the dayand then carry on learning other things for about eighthours or so, you remember that stuff much less efficiently. Jackie: So according to Andrew, if you memorizethings before you go to sleep, you remember them betterbecause your brain can process the information overnight. It's harder to memorize things in the morning because yourbrain still has to cope with all the other information itreceives over the rest of the day. Let's listen to Andrewagain. We'll look at some of the language he usesafterwards. AndrewAnd the evidence is growing that that's because if we learnnew things, the parts of the brain that store this newinformation are busy storing these new memories and thatinterrupts the memories that went in immediately before, itprevents them beingconsolidated very efficiently. Jackie: So if your brain is trying to store thingsyou've just learnt, then you start trying to learnsomething else, that gets in the way of the processing. What expression did Andrew use to say that it's become moreand more clear that this is what happens? AndrewAnd the evidence is growing thatJackie: The evidence is growing that. 'Evidence' isfacts or signs that show that something is true. Andrewsaid evidence is growing – so there are more and morefacts that show that trying to learn a lot in one go isless efficient than just learning a little at a time. Healso used the word'consolidated'. Do you know what that means? If not, try towork it out from the context. AndrewAnd the evidence is growing that that's because if we learnnew things, the parts of the brain that store this newinformation are busy storing these new memories and thatinterrupts the memories that went in immediately before, itprevents them being consolidated very efficiently. Jackie: To 'consolidate' means to bring thingstogether in order to make them more easy to deal with. Well, I hope you've managed to consolidate all theinformation you've just received. And if you want to makesure you remember what you learnt today, have a rest, go tosleep, come back another day and go through it all again. Happy learning! |
| 原文地址：http://www.tingroom.com/lesson/zmlxz/70234.html |