VOA慢速英语2014 荷兰人试验在海水中种植蔬菜

 

Dutch Experiment Grows Vegetables in Sea Water 荷兰人试验在海水中种植蔬菜

Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water used on coastal¹ farms. As a result farmers are increasingly unable to use fields close to the sea.

Scientists call this process “salinization.” The term comes from the word “saline” -- which means a mixture of salt and water. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says salinization is reducing the world’s irrigated² lands by 1 to 2 percent every year. Irrigation is the process of supplying land with fresh water from other areas.

But a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a mixture of sea and fresh water to grow healthy and tasty vegetables. Marc Van Rijsselberghe started with an experiment. He put several kinds of plants in saline.

“We put in a lot of plants in the fields and then we put in, put them in fresh water and in sea water and all the varieties between it, and then we see which variety is surviving and which variety is dying.”

Mr. Van Rijsselberghe worked on the project with scientists from the Free University of Amsterdam. He divided a farm into eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and a computer program created water with eight levels of salinity³.

“And then computer says ‘go’ and then it goes to the fields and dripping irrigation starts to work and we are going to kill plants. That’s it.”

Computerized measuring devices called “sensors” controlled the water levels and the levels of salinity. Mr. Van Rijsselberghe says he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight test areas. He says the vegetables were smaller than those grown in fresh water. But he says they also have more sugar and salt, so they taste better.

“It’s a miracle. I mean, it shouldn’t be a carrot, it should be dying if we look at the datas that are available in the world at the moment.”

The farmer grew carrots, cabbage, onions and beetroot. But he found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables in the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr. Van Rijsselberghe says four kinds of these potatoes were recently sent to Pakistan, where thousands of hectares of land have been damaged by salinization. Farmers in Pakistan will test the Dutch potatoes to see if they can be grown in those fields.

Words in This Story

coastal – adj. referring to the land along or near a sea or ocean

mixture – n. something made by combining two or more ingredients

variety – n. a number or collection of different things or people

pipe – n. a long, hollow tube for carrying water, steam or gas

taste – n. the sweet, sour, bitter, or salty quality of a thing that you can sense when it is in your mouth; the flavor that you can taste when you eat or drink something

1 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

2 irrigated   

[医]冲洗的

参考例句：

• They irrigated their crops with water from this river. 他们用这条小河里的水浇庄稼。
• A crop can be sown, weeded, irrigated, and fertilized uniformly. 一种作物可以均匀一致地进行播种，除草，灌溉和施肥。

3 salinity   

n.盐分；咸度；盐浓度；咸性

参考例句：

• In the sea water sampled the salinity is two parts per thousand.在取样的海水中，盐度为千分之二。
• In many sedimentary basins the salinity of the formation water increases with depth or compaction.在许多沉积盆地中，地层水的含盐量随深度或压实作用而增高。