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AS IT IS 2014-03-09 UN Bring Financial Services to Africa's Poor 联合国带来金融服务向非洲'穷人
From VOA Learning English, welcome to As It Is! I’mSteve Ember in Washington.
美国之音学英语，欢迎，因为它是！I'mSteve灰烬在华盛顿。
Officials in Japan have been studying ways to set rulesfor the digital currency known as Bitcoin. Theinvestigation came after a leading Tokyo-based tradinghouse closed suddenly. Today on the program, we tellhow Bitcoin is growing in popularity, but also creatingconcerns. But first, we turn to international efforts tohelp poor people in Africa. Three United Nationsagencies want the poor to become less dependent onaid. But critics are wondering if the UN efforts arehaving any success. Mario Ritter has more.
日本官员一直在研究如何设置rulesfor称为Bitcoin的数字货币。Theinvestigation是继领先的总部位于东京的tradinghouse突然关闭。今天的节目，我们泰豪Bitcoin的日益深入人心，也creatingconcerns。但首先，我们来看看，以便帮助贫困人口在非洲的国际努力。三美Nationsagencies想穷人变得较少依赖onaid。但批评者想知道，如果联合国的努力arehaving任何成功。马里奥 - 理特也越多。
UN Agencies Attempt to Help Africa’s Poor
联合国机构试图帮助非洲的穷人
The agencies want financial services such as credit, savings1 and insurance to be made available to everyone. That includes poor people in Africa’s ruralareas who may live on only two dollars a day.
该机构希望金融服务，如信贷，储蓄和保险，以提供给大家。这包括穷人在非洲的农村地区谁可能住在一个每天只有两美元。
The agencies believe that if these services reached the rural poor, their livescould improve greatly.
该机构认为，如果这些服务达成的农村贫困人口，他们的livescould大大提高。
Ertharin Cousin works for the World Food Program, one of the UN agenciesinvolved in the effort. She says the World Food Program’s goal is to createopportunity in agricultural production that continues after aid efforts end.
Ertharin表哥作品为世界粮食计划署，联合国的一个agenciesinvolved在努力。她说，世界粮食计划署的目标是在农业生产救援工作结束后，继续createopportunity。
The other agencies are the Food and Agriculture Organization and theInternational Fund for Agricultural Development. Representatives of theagencies were recently in Ethiopia, a densely2 populated country of more than84 million people. But, more than 80 percent of the population lives in ruralareas.
其他机构是粮食及农业组织和国际肥胖农业发展基金。theagencies的代表出席了最近在埃塞俄比亚，更than84万人一个人口稠密的国家。但是，超过80％的人口生活在的农村地区。
The FAO gave seeds and fertilizer to farmers. Local groups then buy whatthe farmers have grown with money that comes indirectly3 from theInternational Fund for Agricultural Development. And the World Food Programgives schools support so they can buy locally-grown food to serve theirstudents.
粮农组织给了种子和化肥给农民。本地组然后买whatthe农民一起成长自带间接来自国际肥胖农业发展基金的钱。和世界粮食Programgives学校的支持，使他们能够购买当地种植的食物，为theirstudents。
Organizers hope the programs will help people live without aid. They sayfarmers and local groups called cooperatives want the program to succeed,so they are working together.
主办单位希望计划将帮助人们生活在没有援助。他们sayfarmers并呼吁合作社本地组希望该计划取得成功，所以他们一起工作。
Another part of the program teaches people how to manage their money. Theagencies teach those living on a few dollars a day to use part of that moneynot for daily costs but to save or invest.
该计划的另一部分教人如何管理自己的钱。Theagencies教者居上几元钱，每天使用该moneynot的一部分，用于日常费用，但以储蓄或投资。
Queen Maxima is the UN’s Special Advocate for Financial Inclusion. She saysknowing how to manage and save money is important if people want tosupport themselves.
女王千里马是联合国的特别倡导金融包容性。她saysknowing如何管理和节省资金是很重要的，如果人们想要要负担自己。
“Eventually, it should come from savings. Eventually, you should unleashdomestic savings because of the domestic resources that should be put backinto productive loans so that people can actually make the investment, growthe production, increase employment, et cetera, et cetera.”
“最终，它应该来自储蓄。最后，您应该unleashdomestic因为应该把backinto生产贷款，使人们可以真正使投资国内资源的节约，growthe生产，增加就业，等等，等等。“
Ethiopia does not have a strong financial services industry. Only eight percentof the population saves money in a bank. While mobile banking4 has helpedthe rural poor in other African countries, Ethiopia has only recently permittedmobile banking.
埃塞俄比亚没有一个强大的金融服务行业。只有八percentof人口可以节省钱存在银行。虽然手机银行有helpedthe农村贫困人口在其他非洲国家，埃塞俄比亚最近才permittedmobile银行。
I’m Mario Ritter.
我是马里奥 - 理特。
And I’m Steve Ember. You are listening to As It Is, from VOA LearningEnglish.
而我史蒂夫灰烬。您现在收听的，因为它是美国之音LearningEnglish。
Bitcoin Faces Increased Scrutiny5
比特币面临更严格的审查
An ever-growing number of people are using Bitcoin to buy goods, pay forservices or send money anywhere in the world. They do not have to usetraditional banks, credit cards or other financial services when they use theelectronic currency. Our economics reporter, Mario Ritter, has more.
不断越来越多的人正在使用比特币购买商品，支付forservices或任何汇钱世界。他们不必usetraditional银行，信用卡或其他金融服务时，他们使用theelectronic货币。我们的经济记者，马里奥·里特，有更多的。
Bitcoin is electronically protected, or encrypted. It is bought, sold andtransferred like other currencies through trading companies. Transfershappen without governments being involved or regulating the currency.
比特币是电子保护或加密。这是买的，通过贸易公司销售的andtransferred像其他货币。Transfershappen无政府并不介入或调节货币。
Jerry Brito is a technology policy analyst6 at George Mason University. He saysBitcoin is the world’s first true digital currency that is not controlled by anyone.
杰里·布里托是在乔治·梅森大学科技政策分析师。他saysBitcoin是任何人都无法控制了世界上第一个真正的数字货币。
“Bitcoin basically solved a computer science problemthat, for the first time, allows just two people to transactonline, so it’s decentralized. There is no Bitcoincompany, there is no government -- it’s kind of likeemail.”
“比特币基本上解决了计算机科学problemthat，第一次，仅允许两个人transactonline，所以它的分散。没有Bitcoincompany，没有政府 - 它是一种likeemail的“。
However, the very things that people like about Bitcoinare also what criminals like about it. They want tomove money from place to place secretly, withoutgovernments knowing about it. Law enforcementagencies in the United States recently closed an online market that usedBitcoin.
然而，非常的事情，人们喜欢约Bitcoinare亦是罪犯喜欢它。他们希望tomove的钱从地方到另一个地方偷偷的，withoutgovernments知道关于它。在美国法律enforcementagencies最近关闭的一个在线市场的usedBitcoin。
Marco Santori is the chairman of the Bitcoin Foundation’s Regulatory AffairsCommittee. He notes that all Bitcoin transactions can be seen by all othercomputers. And he says the belief that no one regulates the currency is nottrue.
马可SANTORI是Bitcoin的基金会的监管AffairsCommittee主席。他指出，所有的比特币交易可以被所有othercomputers可见。他说，相信没有人调节货币是nottrue。
“Bitcoin is in fact heavily regulated. It is very heavily regulated. Those whoexchange Bitcoins for other digital currencies or who exchange Bitcoins fordollars are money transmitters under the Bank Secrecy7 Act.”
“比特币实际上是在严格监管。这是非常严格的监管。那些whoexchange比特币为其他数字货币或谁交换比特币fordollars是根据银行保密法钱变送器。“
The amount of Bitcoin in the system must always be counted and tracked. Users’ computers that watch and approve Bitcoin sales and purchases aregiven new Bitcoins. Mr. Brito says this is how more money is added to thesystem.
比特币系统中的量必须总是被计算和跟踪。该腕表及批准Bitcoin的销售及采购用户的计算机aregiven新的比特币。布里托先生说，这是更多的钱是怎么加入到thesystem。
“Every ten minutes there are about 25.5 Bitcoins introduced into the economyand it is given to one of the miners, kind of at random8 as it were, who arecontributing in a competing capacity.”
“每十分钟有大约25.5比特币引入economyand它是考虑到矿工之一，那种随意，因为它是，谁在一个竞争的能力arecontributing。”
The United States, Germany, and many other governments accept the use ofBitcoins. But some officials have called for stronger regulations on theelectronic currency. China recently banned its banks, but not businesses, from trading in Bitcoin.
美国，德国和许多其他国家的政府接受使用ofBitcoins。但一些官员已经呼吁对theelectronic货币更强法规。中国最近禁止了银行，而不是企业，从交易Bitcoin的。
Since its beginning in 2009, the value of a Bitcoin has increased from just afew pennies to hundreds of American dollars.
自2009年开始，一个比特币的价值已经从刚刚AFEW便士提高到几百美圆。
And that’s our program for today. Be sure to join us at this same timetomorrow for another As It Is from VOA Learning English. I’m Steve Ember. Thanks for listening!
这就是我们今天的节目。一定要加入我们在这个相同的timetomorrow另一个因为它是从美国之音学英语。我是史蒂夫灰烬。感谢您的收听！
收听单词发音 |
1
savings
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| n.存款，储蓄 | |
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densely
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| ad.密集地；浓厚地 | |
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indirectly
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| adv.间接地，不直接了当地 | |
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banking
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| n.银行业，银行学，金融业 | |
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scrutiny
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| n.详细检查，仔细观察 | |
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analyst
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| n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家 | |
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secrecy
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| n.秘密，保密，隐蔽 | |
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random
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| adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动 | |
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