VOA慢速英语2015 过度捕捞反对者获得环境奖

AS IT IS 2015-03-26 Overfishing Opponent¹ Wins Environment Prize 过度捕捞反对者获得环境奖

A leading American supporter of a method to prevent overfishing has won a major environmental prize. Jane Lubchenco served as head of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric² Administration³ between 2009 and 2013.

Ms. Lubchenco supported programs known as catch shares when she led the administration, also known as NOAA. Catch shares set maximum levels, or the largest amount, of fish that can be caught in a given area. Then the legally permitted catch is divided among fishermen.

Supporters say catch shares stop what they call a “race to the bottom.” In other words, fishermen try to catch as much as possible -- without considering the future of the fish population. With catch shares, fishermen’s takes increase as the population recovers and grows.

Jane Lubchenco credits⁴ these programs with strengthening fish populations in the United States.

“From 2000 to 2013, we went from having 92 overfished stocks⁵ to 40, and we went from having zero rebuilt stocks to 34. It gives us incredible⁶ hope that we can replicate⁷ those successes elsewhere⁸ and really end overfishing at the global scale.”

Critics say catch shares can force smaller fisherman out of the market. They say catch share programs also raise barriers to people just getting started in the industry.

Seventeen U.S. fisheries are in catch share programs, and more are in development.

Ms. Lubchenco will share the $200,000 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement with Madhav Gadgil of Goa University in India. Mr. Gadgil was recognized for involving local communities in environmental protection.

Words in This Story

method – n. the way something is done

prize – n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for

race – n. a competition to decide who or what can move the fastest or is the best

future – n. time after now

1 opponent   

n.对手，敌手，反对者；adj.敌对的，反对的

参考例句：

• The boxer gave his opponent a punch on the nose.这个拳击手朝他对手的鼻子上猛击一拳。
• After a fierce struggle,he got a beat on his opponent.经过殊死的较量，他占了对手的上风。

2 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

3 administration   

n.经营，管理；行政，行政机关，管理部门

参考例句：

• Who is in charge of the administration of your company?你们公司的行政工作由谁负责？
• The teachers are responsible to the school administration.教师向学校行政负责。

4 credits   

n.节目前后字幕；信任，信用，声望，荣誉， [财务]贷方，银行存款；信任( credit的名词复数 )；存款；学分；（借钱偿还的）信誉link-v.相信，信任，把…归给

参考例句：

• He credits me with having better sense than that. 他认为我的见识要比那强得多。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Does this item go among the credits or the debits? 这笔账应记入贷方还是借方？ 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

5 stocks   

n.（树木等的）干( stock的名词复数 )；公债；家系；家族

参考例句：

• The manager wants to clear off the old stocks in the warehouse. 经理想把仓库里积压的存货处理掉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They want to unload the stocks on the market. 他们想把股票在市场上抛售掉。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 incredible   

adj.难以置信的，不可信的，极好的，大量的

参考例句：

• Some planets run at incredible speed.某些星球以难以置信的速度运行着。
• Her answer showed the most incredible stupidity.她的回答显示出不可思议的愚蠢。

7 replicate   

v.折叠，复制，模写；n.同样的样品；adj.转折的

参考例句：

• The DNA of chromatin must replicate before cell division.染色质DNA在细胞分裂之前必须复制。
• It is also easy to replicate,as the next subsection explains.就像下一个小节详细说明的那样，它还可以被轻易的复制。

8 elsewhere   

adv.在别处，到别处

参考例句：

• Our favourite restaurant was full so we had to go elsewhere.我们最喜欢去的那家饭店客满了，因此不得不改去别处。
• I have half a mind to move elsewhere.我有点想搬到别处去。