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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Obama Calls for Changes to Criminal Justice System 奥巴马呼吁改革美国刑事司法系统
President Barack Obama is calling for major changes to the American criminal justice system. He says problems in the current system are ones that the country can no longer ignore.
美国总统奥巴马呼吁对刑事司法制度进行重大改革。他表示，当前体系的弊端已经不容美国继续忽视下去。
"In far too many cases," Mr. Obama said, "the punishment simply doesn't fit the crime." He spoke1 in Philadelphia this week at a meeting of the National Association for the Advancement2 of Colored People, the NAACP. The organization works in support of racial equality throughout the United States.
奥巴马说，“在许多案件中，刑罚与罪行完全不符。”本周，他在费城全国有色人种协进会(NAACP)会议上发表了讲话。该组织致力于支持美国各地种族平等。
The president said the US jails as many people as the top 35 European nations combined. Currently, 2.2 million people are in held in US prisons. African-Americans and Latinos are jailed for non-violent drug crimes at much higher rates than other groups of people.
奥巴马总统表示，美国监狱关押的人数是欧洲排名前35的国家囚犯的总和。目前，美国监狱共收押了220万人。因非暴力毒品犯罪被关押的非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人比率远远高于其他种族。
"Our criminal justice system isn't as smart as it should be," Mr. Obama said. "It's not keeping us safe as it should be. It is not as fair as it should be. Mass incarceration3 makes our country worse off."
“我们的刑事司法制度并不像原本应该的那样完善，没有像原本应该的那样保证我们的安全，没有像原本应该的那样公平。大规模监禁让我们的国家更加糟糕。”
In his speech, the president suggested either changing or removing laws that require courts to give jail sentences as punishment for non-violent drug crimes. He also said there should be more job training programs for people while they are in prison.
在讲话中，奥巴马总统建议改革或取消要求法庭判处监禁来惩罚非暴力毒品犯罪的法律。他还表示，犯人服刑期间应该提供更多培训项目。
In addition, Mr. Obama announced that the Department of Justice would examine the use of ‘solitary4 confinement5’ in US prisons. This is a method of punishment where prisoners are placed alone in small rooms for long periods. Studies have shown that solitary confinement can have damaging psychological effects on prisoners.
除此之外，奥巴马还宣布，司法部应该审查美国监狱中“单独监禁”的使用。这种刑罚长期将囚犯单独关押在狭小的空间里。研究表明，单独监禁伤害了囚犯的心理健康。
The president urged Congress to approve a sentencing reform bill by the end of the year. He admitted that many people need to be in prison, among them "murderers, predators7, rapists [and] gang leaders." However, he said that in too many cases, those enforcing the law treat young blacks and Latino men differently than white Americans.
总统敦促国会在今年年底之前通过刑罚改革。他承认，许多人应该入狱，其中有“谋杀犯，捕猎者，强奸犯和犯罪团伙头目。”然而，他说，在许多案件中，执法人员将年轻黑人和拉美裔人与白人区别对待。
He said African Americans and Latinos received longer jail sentences than whites for similar crimes. "About one in every 35 African American men, and one out of every 88 Latino men, is [in prison] right now,"he added.
他说，由于类似的罪行，非裔美国人和拉美裔人被判处的刑期更长。他补充说，“每35名非裔美国人，每88名拉美裔美国人中，就有一人在监狱服刑。”
His speech came a day after he commuted9 the jail time of 46 federal prisoners. Their sentences were reduced or cancelled. Each of the prisoners was sent to jail for a non-violent drug crime. The president's action was part of his effort to reform the criminal justice system.
发表该讲话一天之前，他为46名联邦囚犯减刑。他们的刑期被缩短或取消。这些囚犯都是因为非暴力毒品犯罪而入狱。总统的行为是他改革刑事司法制度努力的一部分。
The 46 prisoners were in jail for crimes involving the drug crack-cocaine10. The minimum time in prison for such crimes is much higher than for crimes related to regular cocaine. Most of the prisoners would already be free if they had been sent to prison today, the Obama administration said. Fourteen were serving life prison sentences.
这46名囚犯入狱是因为涉及毒品快克可卡因的罪行。这类犯罪的最短刑期比普通可卡因犯罪刑期长得多。奥巴马政府称，如果是按照今天的刑罚来算，大部分囚犯应该已经刑满释放了。其中14人被判终身监禁，正在服刑。
"These men and women were not hard criminals," the president said. "I believe, at its heart, America is a nation of second chances, and I believe these [people] deserve their second chance."
“这些男女都不是重刑犯。我相信，美国是一个愿意给人第二次机会的国家，我相信，这些犯人值得获得第二次机会。”
The administration said Mr. Obama would be willing to commute8 more sentences in the coming months if the conditions were right. "The statistics cannot be ignored. We cannot close our eyes anymore," he said.
政府表示，如果条件允许的话，未来几个月，奥巴马总统愿意为更多囚犯减刑。“统计数据不容忽略。我们不能继续视而不见。”他说。
Words in This Story
mass incarceration – n. large numbers of people put in prison
sentence – n. the punishment given by a court of law
minimum – adj. least or lowest amount
psychological – adj. of or relating to the mind
predator6 – n. someone who wants to use, control, or harm other people in some way
gang – n. a group of people who take part in illegal activity
commute – v. to reduce or cancel a form of punishment
crack-cocaine – n. a processed form of the drug cocaine
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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incarceration
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| n.监禁，禁闭；钳闭 | |
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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confinement
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| n.幽禁，拘留，监禁；分娩；限制，局限 | |
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predator
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| n.捕食其它动物的动物；捕食者 | |
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predators
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| n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面） | |
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commute
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| vi.乘车上下班；vt.减(刑)；折合；n.上下班交通 | |
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commuted
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| 通勤( commute的过去式和过去分词 )； 减（刑）； 代偿 | |
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cocaine
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| n.可卡因，古柯碱（用作局部麻醉剂） | |
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