VOA慢速英语2016 日元对美元升值

AS IT IS 2016-04-06 Japan’s Yen¹ Gains in Value against US Dollar 日元对美元升值

The Japanese yen has risen to its highest value in relation to the United States dollar in one and one half years.

日元兑美元已经上涨至1年半以来的最高水平。

The yen is increasing in value on foreign exchange markets; yet Japanese finance² officials have supported policies aimed at limiting its rise.

日元在外汇市场开始升值，然而日本财务官员一直支持限制日元升值的政策。

The appreciating value of the yen could hurt Japan’s efforts to increase inflation³ in the country. Some experts think rising prices could strengthen economic growth in the world’s third largest economy.

日元升值可能会影响日本提高国内通胀水平的努力。有专家认为，价格上涨可以增强日本这个第三大经济体的经济增长。

Japan’s money has traded at about 111 yen to one U.S. dollar in recent days. The yen has also risen in value against other major currencies, including the euro.

最近几天，日元汇率维持在111日元兑1美元左右。日元兑其它主要货币也有所升值，其中包括欧元在内。

The yen’s value has increased almost nine percent on foreign exchange markets this year. That is the biggest increase among the Group of 10 industrial countries during that period.

今年日元在外汇市场已经升值近9%。这是同期工业化十国集团之中最大的增幅。

The group includes Belgium, Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy and Japan. The Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the United States are also members.

该集团包括比利时、英国、加拿大、法国、德国、意大利和日本。荷兰、瑞典、瑞士和美国也是成员国。

The Group of 10 has agreed to cooperate on economic and monetary⁴ issues with the International Monetary Fund.

十国集团已经同意在经济和货币问题上同国际基金组织保持合作。

Japanese officials have said they may be willing to take additional measures to fight the rising value of the yen.

日本官员曾表示，他们可能愿意采取更多措施来对抗日元升值。

Japanese Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said the government is closely watching changes in foreign exchange values.

日本内阁官房长官菅义伟表示，政府正密切关注外汇汇率的变化。

The governor of Japan’s central bank, Haruhiko Kuroda, has repeatedly said that the Bank of Japan may cut interest rates it controls.

日本央行行长黑田东彦曾多次表示，日本央行可能会降低它所控制的利率。

Demand for widely traded currencies like the yen often increases when stock prices drop. That can cause the value of such currencies to rise on international markets.

当股票价格下跌时，对日元这类广泛交易货币的需求通常会提高。这会导致这类货币在国际市场上升值。

However, the Bloomberg News service reports that the currencies of commodity-exporting countries like Australia and South Africa have dropped in value. Such countries sell a large amount of agricultural products and unprocessed minerals to overseas buyers.

然而，彭博新闻社报道称，澳大利亚和南非这类商品出口型国家的货币已经贬值。这类国家向海外买家出售大量农产品和未加工矿石。

The Bank of Japan is seeking to raise inflation to a target rate of two percent a year. The bank has increased the amount of money available to private Japanese banks.

日本央行正在寻求提高通胀到每年2%的目标水平。该行已经增加了日本私营银行可获得的资金量。

The Bank of Japan also has set a negative interest rate for the money commercial banks hold with it. Both moves are meant to encourage banks to lend more to businesses and individuals.

日本央行还将商业银行存入该行的资金定为负利率。这两项举措都是为了鼓励银行多向企业和个人发放贷款。

However, Japan’s rate of inflation remains⁵ near zero percent. That can be a sign of limited demand for goods and services.

然而，日本的通胀率仍然维持在接近于零的水平，这可能是商品和服务需求有限的一个标志。

The Swiss franc has also increased in value against the U.S. dollar. That increases the cost of the country’s exports and may hurt Switzerland’s economic competitiveness⁶.

瑞士法郎兑美元也在升值，这增加了该国的出口成本，并可能会伤害瑞士的经济竞争力。

The president of Switzerland’s central bank said his bank’s policy of negative interest rates has been “indispensable⁷” for limiting the rising value of the franc.

瑞士央行总裁表示，该行的负利率政策对限制瑞士法郎升值一直都是必不可少的。

Words and Their Stories

encourage – v. to make someone or some group more likely to do something

indispensable – adj. extremely important, cannot do without

appreciating – adj. to increase in value

currencies – n. money that a country uses for financial transactions

1 yen   

n. 日元；热望

参考例句：

• He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。
• He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。

2 finance   

n.财务管理，财政，金融，财源，资金

参考例句：

• She is an expert in finance.她是一名财政专家。
• A finance house made a bid to buy up the entire company.一家信贷公司出价买下了整个公司。

3 inflation   

n.胀大，夸张，通货膨胀

参考例句：

• Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
• The inflation of the airbed took several minutes.给空气床垫充气花了几分钟时间。

4 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

5 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

6 competitiveness   

n.竞争能力

参考例句：

• At the same time shifts in international competitiveness were beginning to be felt. 与此同时，国际市场上的竞争能力也出现了变化。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• Their scientific know-how, innovation and technical capability are critical to maintaining the nation's competitiveness and productivity. 它们的科学知识、革新和技术能力对于保持本国的竞争力和生产率来说都是至关重要的。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件

7 indispensable   

adj.必不可少的，绝对必要的

参考例句：

• He is indispensable to our work,we cannot do it without him.对于我们的工作来说，他是不可缺少的，没有他我们就做不了。
• This is an indispensable part of his creed.这是他的信条中必不可少的一部分。