VOA慢速英语2016 美国发现超级细菌 抗生素均无效!

This Superbug is Too Strong for Antibiotics³ 美国发现超级细菌 抗生素均无效!

Doctors have identified a powerful bacteria that cannot be killed with antibiotics.

医生已鉴定出一种无法被抗生素杀死的强大细菌。

The bacteria, called a superbug, was found in a woman from Pennsylvania.

该名为超级病菌的发现于宾夕法尼亚州的一名女士身上。

Tom Frieden is the head of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He says this new bug¹ is resistant⁴ to every antibiotic² available, including colistin.

美国疾病控制中心的主任汤姆·福里登称，该细菌可以抵御包括粘菌素在内的任何医用抗生素。

Colistin is used only as a last measure, as the drug can cause organ damage.

由于粘菌素会对人体器官造成伤害，因此不到万不得已，不会使用。

The woman is infected with a rare kind of E. coli bacteria known as CRE. The version she has includes a gene⁵ that is resistant to colistin. This is its first appearance in the United States.

该女士感染一种罕见的大肠杆菌，是抗碳青霉烯类肠杆菌属。这种细菌中有一种基因可以抵御粘菌素。

Researchers who studied the case in Pennsylvania wrote about their findings in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, a publication of the American Society for Microbiology. They wrote that the case could signal the development of “a truly pan-drug resistant bacteria.”

这是美国的首个病例。宾夕法尼亚州此病例的研究者在美国微生物协会的《抗菌药物与化疗》刊物中发表了他们的研究发现。其中写道，这个病例的发现表明"泛耐药细菌"的发展。

Health officials consider CRE, “nightmare bacteria.” They can kill up to 50 percent of infected patients.

卫生官员将这种超级细菌成为"噩梦细菌"，因为他们可以让50%的患者致命。

Frieden expressed his concern about losing antibiotics, what he calls “miracle drugs.”

素来将抗生素称为"特效药"的福里登表达了他对于失去抗生素的担忧。

“We know now that the more we look the more we’re going to find. And the more we look at drug resistance the more concerned we are. We need to do a very a comprehensive job protecting antibiotics so that we can have them and our children can have them.

"我们都知道看的越多，发现的越多。因此，我们对抗药性了解的越多，我们就越担心。我们需要全面保护抗生素，这样我们和我们的子孙才能有效使用它们。"

"We need to make new antibiotics, but unless we have better stewardship⁶ and better identification of outbreaks, we are going to lose these miracle drugs. The medicine cabinet is empty for some patients. It is the end of the road for antibiotics unless we act urgently.”

"我们需要生产新的抗生素，但如果没有更好的管理体系和疾病爆发的提前确认，我们可能会失去抗生素。有些病人根本没有抗生素可以使用。如果我们不采取紧急行动，则抗生素将最终消失。"

As bacteria that resist antibiotics spread, treatment for such infections could be seriously limited, the Washington Post newspaper reported. Scientists and public health officials have warned that usual medical operations, minor⁷ infections and pneumonia⁸ could become deadly or very difficult to treat.

华盛顿邮报报道称，随着能抵御抗生素的细菌传播，疾病感染的治疗将越发受限。科学家和公共卫生官员警告我们，平时常见的手术、小感染、肺炎都有可能致命或难以治愈。

Words in This Story

antibiotic - n. a drug that kills harmful bacteria and cures infection

superbug - n. a harmful organism that resists the medication used against it

pan-drug (also "pandrug") – adj. resistant to all antibiotics

nightmare – n. a very bad dream, experience or situation

stewardship – n. protecting and being responsible for something

miracle drug - phrase a drug or cure that is very effective

1 bug   

n.虫子；故障；窃听器；vt.纠缠；装窃听器

参考例句：

• There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
• The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。

2 antibiotic   

adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素

参考例句：

• The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
• Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。

3 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

4 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

5 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

6 stewardship   

n. n. 管理工作；管事人的职位及职责

参考例句：

• The organization certainly prospered under his stewardship. 不可否认，这个组织在他的管理下兴旺了起来。
• Last, but certainly not least, are the issues of stewardship and ethics. 最后，但当然不是微不足道的，是工作和道德规范的问题。

7 minor   

adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修

参考例句：

• The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
• I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

8 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。