VOA慢速英语2017 世卫组织称2016年有1300万婴儿未接种疫苗

WHO: Almost 13 Million Babies Missed Vaccines² in 2016

The World Health Organization (WHO) says almost one in 10 babies worldwide received no vaccines in 2016.

世界卫生组织表示，2016年全球有近十分之一的婴儿没有接种疫苗。

That means almost 13 million babies missed the first of three required injections of a vaccine¹ to protect against the diseases diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. It is called the DTP3 vaccination³.

这意味着将近有1300万婴儿错过了预防白喉、破伤风、百日咳的三种疫苗的第一针接种。这三种疫苗被称之为百白破疫苗接种。

An additional 6.6 million infants got that first injection, but failed to get the other two doses last year.

另外还有660万婴儿去年接种了第一针，但是没有接种另外两针疫苗。

"Since 2010, the percentage of children who received their full course of routine immunizations has stalled at 86 percent," WHO said in a statement on Monday.

世界卫生组织周一在声明中表示：“自2010年以来，完成常规接种全部流程的儿童的比例已经停滞在86%。”

"This falls short" of the worldwide immunization coverage⁴ target of 90 percent, the statement noted⁵. It said there were no important changes in any countries or areas during the year.

声明指出，这点达不到全球免疫覆盖率90%的目标。声明称，在这一年里，任何国家和地区的免疫覆盖率都没有大的变化。

Present immunization levels prevent two to three million deaths worldwide every year from diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and measles⁶, WHO said. It called routine vaccinations⁷ "one of the most successful and cost-effective" public health actions that can be carried out.

世卫组织表示，目前的免疫水平每年可以在全世界范围内预防两三百万人死于白喉、破伤风、百日咳以及麻疹。世卫组织称常规疫苗接种是可执行的“最成功和最具成本效益的”公共卫生行动之一。

One-hundred-thirty of the 194 WHO member states have reached the 90 percent level for DPT3 vaccines. Most unvaccinated infants live in countries where there is conflict or high levels of poverty.

在世卫组织194个成员国中，有130个国家的百白破疫苗接种率已经达到了90%。绝大多数未接种疫苗的婴儿生活在冲突和高度贫穷的国家。

Eight nations had levels below 50 percent for DPT3 shots in 2016. They were Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria and Ukraine.

2016年有8个国家的百白破接种率低于50%，它们是中非共和国、乍得、赤道几内亚、尼日利亚、索马里、南苏丹、叙利亚以及乌克兰。

"If we are going to raise the bar" on worldwide immunization coverage, "health services must reach the unreached," said WHO's Jean-Marie OkwoBele. "Every contact with the health system must be seen as" a chance to protect children against disease.

世卫组织的Jean-Marie OkwoBele表示，“如果我们要继续提高全球接种覆盖率的标准，卫生服务就必须达到新的水平。每次同卫生系统的接触都必须被视为保护儿童免受疾病的机会。”

The good news is that WHO reported gains in vaccinations against rubella, a virus that can cause severe birth defects in children. But the vaccine must be given to pregnant women before they give birth.

好消息是，世卫组织报告风疹疫苗的接种取得了进展。风疹是一种会导致儿童严重出生缺陷的病毒。但是这种疫苗必须在孕妇分娩前给她们接种。

Around the world, coverage against rubella increased from 35 percent in 2010 to 47 percent in 2016, WHO said. It called the improvement a "big step toward reducing" the condition that results in hearing loss, heart problems, and blindness.

世卫组织表示，在世界范围内，风疹疫苗覆盖率从2010年的35%提高到了2016年的46%。世卫组织称这一进展是减少听力减退、心脏病以及失明等疾病的重要一步。

The fight for higher vaccination rates is not just happening in developing nations or those experiencing war. In France, the government passed a measure requiring that by 2018, French parents will have to vaccinate⁸ their children against a number of diseases. They include pertussis, measles, mumps⁹, and rubella.

提高接种率的斗争不仅发生在发展中国家和战乱国家。在法国，政府通过了一项措施，要求到2018年前，法国家长必须为孩子接种多种疾病的疫苗，其中包括百日咳、麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹。

France already requires vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus, and poliomyelitis. Exceptions are made for infants with a few medical conditions.

法国已经要求接种白喉、破伤风和脊髓灰质炎的疫苗。只有少数健康状况特殊的婴儿例外。

The French law is a reaction to the movement against vaccinations in developed countries. In the United States, Britain, and France, the measles vaccination rate has fallen below the 95 percent level. That is the level that stops the spread of the disease.

法国的这项法律是对发达国家反疫苗行动做出的回应。在美国、英国、法国，麻疹疫苗接种率已经降低到95%以下的水平。这是防止这种疾病蔓延的最低标准。

"Children are still dying of measles," French Prime Minister Edouard Philippe told Parliament. He called that "not admissible" in the homeland of Louis Pasteur, the scientist who discovered vaccines.

法国总理菲利普对议会表示，“还有儿童死于麻疹。”他称在发现疫苗的科学家路易斯·巴斯德（Louis Pasteur）的家乡发生这种事是不可接受的。

I’m Anne Ball.

Words in This Story

routine – adj. done very often

immunization – n. a vaccine given to someone to prevent infection by disease

stall – v. to stop and not move forward because of a problem

raise the bar – phrase. increasing the standard by which something will be judged

defect – n. a problem or fault that makes something not perfect

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

3 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

4 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

5 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

6 measles   

n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子

参考例句：

• The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
• The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

7 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

9 mumps   

n.腮腺炎

参考例句：

• Sarah got mumps from her brother.萨拉的弟弟患腮腺炎，传染给她了。
• I was told not go near Charles. He is sickening for mumps.别人告诉我不要走近查尔斯， 他染上了流行性腮腺炎。