VOA慢速英语2017 巴拿马彩绘帽入选世界非遗名录

UNESCO Recognizes Panama's Hats

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has recognized the artisans of Panama for their woven hats.

联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）认可了巴拿马手工艺人编制的草帽。

Cultural authorities have added the pintao, or painted hat, to UNESCO's List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

文化当局将彩绘帽子列入《教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产名录》。

"The pintao hat has become an integral part of regional outfits¹ throughout the country worn during traditional dances and community festivities," UNESCO's statement said.

教科文组织在一份声明中称，“在传统的舞蹈和社区庆典中，彩绘帽子已成为全国各地区服饰不可或缺的一部分”。

The pintao is different than the widely known "Panama hat."

彩绘帽子与众所周知的“巴拿马草帽”有不同之处。

The Panama hat has a wide brim. It is traditionally made in Ecuador from the straw of the toquilla palm plant. It is thought to have earned a misleading name during the Gold Rush in the 19th century. Many were sold in nearby Panama to people traveling to California in search of gold.

巴拿马草帽有宽帽沿。传统的制作工艺是在厄瓜多尔用巴拿马草编制而成。在19世纪的淘金热时期，巴拿马草帽成为一个有误导性名字。在巴拿马附近，帽子大多出售给前往加利福尼亚的淘金者。

Artisans make the pintao by hand. They use five different plants and even a small amount of dirt to create it.

手艺人亲手编制彩绘帽子。他们利用5种植物，有时甚至需要少量泥土。

The hat industry's center is in La Pintada, a district about 170 kilometers west of Panama City.

制帽业中心位于巴拿马城以西约170公里的拉平塔达地区。

Reinaldo Quiros is a well-known artisan and designer who sells hats out of his home. "They don't have anything (artificial), no machinery²; no factory as such exists here in La Pintada," he said. "Each artisan in his own home makes the hats maintaining the techniques taught by his ancestors."

雷纳尔多·奎罗斯是知名的手艺人和设计师，他自制自销。他说，“这些帽子没有任何假冒或机器制造；拉平塔达地区没有工厂。”“我们都在家中手工制作，延续着祖先传下来的手艺。

Artisans of the truly Panamanian pintao hat start with the fibers⁴ of several plants. They cure and then weave the fiber³ into braids. Then, they wrap the braids around a wooden form and sew it together from the crown of the hat down.

手艺人制作的正宗巴拿马彩绘帽子是由几株植物纤维开始。他们将这些纤维加工后编成辫子。随后，他们把辫子缠在一个木桩上，从帽子顶部将其缝合起来。

Depending on the quality of the work, some pintao hats can cost hundreds of dollars. Authorities estimate that 4,000 of La Pintada's 25,000 residents work creating or selling the hats.

一些做工精良的彩绘帽子价格在数百美元不等。据当局统计，拉平塔达25000名居民中有4000名手艺人在制作、出售帽子。

Pedro Mendoza, a 50-year-old hat maker⁵, hopes that the UNESCO recognition will help take the pintao hat beyond the country's borders.

50岁的帽子制造商佩德罗·门多萨希望，联合国教科文组织的认可帮助彩绘帽子迈向全球。

"It's really good what's happened," he said. "The hat for us is a way of life."

他说：“这是个好消息。对于我们来说，帽子是一种生活方式。”

1 outfits   

n.全套装备( outfit的名词复数 )；一套服装；集体；组织v.装备，配置设备，供给服装( outfit的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• He jobbed out the contract to a number of small outfits. 他把承包工程分包给许多小单位。 来自辞典例句
• Some cyclists carry repair outfits because they may have a puncture. 有些骑自行车的人带修理工具，因为他们车胎可能小孔。 来自辞典例句

2 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

3 fiber   

n.纤维，纤维质

参考例句：

• The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
• The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。

4 fibers   

光纤( fiber的名词复数 )； （织物的）质地； 纤维，纤维物质

参考例句：

• Thesolution of collagen-PVA was wet spined with the sodium sulfate as coagulant and collagen-PVA composite fibers were prepared. 在此基础上，以硫酸钠为凝固剂，对胶原-PVA共混溶液进行湿法纺丝，制备了胶原-PVA复合纤维。
• Sympathetic fibers are distributed to all regions of the heart. 交感神经纤维分布于心脏的所有部分。

5 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。