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India Moves to End Self-Rule for Kashmir
India’s Hindu nationalist government has moved to take away the special status that the territory of Kashmir has held for many years.
印度的印度教民族主义政府已经采取行动，取消克什米尔地区多年来的“特殊地位”。
Home Minister Amit Shah told parliament Monday that the president had signed an order cancelling Article 370 of the Indian constitution. Article 370 permitted Kashmir to have self-rule in all issues except foreign affairs, defense1 and communications.
周一，内政部长阿米特·沙阿对国会表示，总理已经签署命令，废除印度宪法的第370条款。第370条允许克什米尔在除外交、国防和通讯外的所有领域实行自治。
The new law also removes rules that barred Indians from moving to the area, buying land and holding local government jobs.
这项新令还废除了禁止印度人移居该地，购置土地和在当地政府担任职的规定。
The law still needs the approval of the Indian Parliament.
这项法律还需要获得印度议会的批准。
Last week, India deployed2 10,000 additional troops to Kashmir to maintain security as the announcement neared.
上周，在这项命令出台不久前，印度向克什米尔地区增派了1万名士兵以维护治安。
Pakistan's foreign ministry3 said in a statement that it "strongly condemns4" India’s actions towards the "internationally recognized disputed territory."
巴基斯坦外交部在一份声明中称，该国“强烈谴责”印度对这片“国际公认的有争议领土”所采取的行动。
Kashmir is divided between India and Pakistan, but both countries claim the whole territory. It has been the cause of two of the three wars between the countries.
克什米尔被印度和巴基斯坦分割，但两国都声称对整片领土拥有主权。这也是印巴三次战争中，其中两次战争的导火线。
The statement from the Pakistan foreign ministry also said that the government of India does not have the right to change the status of Kashmir. The dispute over the territory was mediated5 by the United Nations.
巴基斯坦外交部的声明还指出，印度政府没有权利改变克什米尔的地位。关于该领土的争端是由联合国调解的。
"Pakistan will exercise all possible options,” it said.
“巴基斯坦将采取所有可能的措施”。
Shah's announcement was also met with large protests from opposition6 parties in India’s parliament. They called the new law “unconstitutional.”
沙阿的声明也遭到印度国会反对党的大规模抗议。他们称这项新法律“违宪”。
The new measures would give the government in New Delhi control of Kashmir.
新措施将使位于新德里的印度政府控制克什米尔。
Since 1989, the territory has suffered a separatist uprising that has killed tens of thousands of people.
自1989年以来，该地区发生了分裂主义暴力，导致数万人死亡。
More troops were airlifted to the territory after the announcement.
新法律公布后，更多的部队被空运到该地区。
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party has long said that Kashmir’s special status should end, so that it can join the rest of India. The party's lawmakers called the decision "historic."
印度总理莫迪领导的人民党长期以来一直表示，克什米尔的特殊地位应该结束，这样它才能成为印度的领土。民主党议员称，这一决定是“历史性的”。
But local Kashmiri politicians have warned against the step. They promised to protect the territory’s “identity.” They fear that opening up Kashmir to people from other parts of India could change the demography7 of India’s only Muslim majority area. Two thirds of Kashmir’s population is Muslim.
但当地克什米尔政界人士对这一举措提出了警告。他们承诺保护领土的“特殊身份”。他们担心，向印度其他地区的人开放克什米尔，可能会改变印度唯一一个穆斯林占多数的地区的人口结构。克什米尔三分之二的人口是穆斯林。
Hours before the announcement, three Kashmiri leaders were put under house arrest in Srinagar, the capital of Kashmir, including Omar Abdullah. He is the head of the National Conference party in Kashmir. He called the decision “an aggression8 against people of J&K (Jammu and Kashmir).”
在新法律公布数小时前，三名克什米尔领导人在克什米尔首府斯利那加被软禁，其中包括奥马尔·阿卜杜拉(Omar Abdullah)。他是克什米尔全国会议党主席。他称这一决定是“对查谟和克什米尔人民的侵略”。
Jammu is another part of Kashmir. The new law will split the area into two federal territories consisting of Jammu and Kashmir and the Buddhist9 region of Ladakh.
查谟是克什米尔的另一部分。新法律将把该地区划分为两个联邦领土，包括查谟和克什米尔以及佛教地区拉达克。
Mehbooba Mufti is the former Chief Minister of Kashmir. She said the government’s decision would make India’s troops an occupying force. She also said the results would be catastrophic.
穆夫提（Mehbooba Mufti）是克什米尔前首席部长。她说，印度政府的决定将使印度军队成为占领军。她还说，结果将是灾难性的。
“Today marks the darkest day in Indian democracy,” she tweeted.
“今天是印度民主最黑暗的一天，”她在推特上写道。
Hours before the announcement, Kashmir was shut down. Internet services stopped, and schools and shops closed.
在声明公布数小时前，克什米尔被关闭。互联网服务中断，学校和商店也纷纷关闭。
For the past few days, Indian officials had urged visitors to leave the area. Panic spread, and people bought as much food and gasoline as they could find.
过去几天，印度官员一直敦促游客离开该地区。恐慌情绪四处蔓延，人们四处抢购食物和汽油。
While the Indian people will most likely support the new law, it will probably end up in the federal courts.
虽然印度民众很可能会支持这项新令，但是可能最终要交由联邦法庭定夺。
Several political experts expressed fear that the new law would increase anger among the separatists. Islamic militants10 are fighting for either independence or to join the country of Pakistan.
几名政治专家担心，新法会激化分裂分子的愤怒情绪。伊斯兰激进分子正在为独立或加入巴基斯坦而战斗。
“What cannot be changed is the enmity that is being created between Hindus and Muslims,” said Neelanjan Sircar. He is an independent political expert in New Delhi.
他说：“印度教徒和穆斯林之间的敌意无法化解。他是新德里的独立政治专家。
He said, “Can we really ever (see) a time where all troops will be pulled out and everyone will get along peacefully? I don’t see that today.”
他说：“我们真的能盼到所有军队撤离，大家都和平共处的那一天吗？现如今是不可能了。”
Words in This Story
status– adj.the position a country or person holds when compared to others
mediate– v. to work with two sides to get an agreement
option– n. the opportunity to choose between several things
demography– n. changes in human population
catastrophic– adj.terrible
enmity– n. feelings of hatred
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defense
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| n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩 | |
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deployed
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| （尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用 | |
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ministry
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| n.(政府的)部；牧师 | |
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condemns
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| v.（通常因道义上的原因而）谴责( condemn的第三人称单数 )；宣判；宣布…不能使用；迫使…陷于不幸的境地 | |
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mediated
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| 调停，调解，斡旋( mediate的过去式和过去分词 )； 居间促成； 影响…的发生； 使…可能发生 | |
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opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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demography
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| n.人口统计，人口学 | |
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aggression
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| n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害 | |
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Buddhist
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| adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒 | |
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militants
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| 激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 ) | |
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