VOA慢速英语2020 辉瑞公司新冠疫苗在英国获批

Britain has approved Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine¹ for emergency use.

英国已经批准了辉瑞公司的新冠疫苗用于紧急用途。

Developed by the American drug-maker Pfizer and Germany's BioNTech, it is the world's first COVID-19 vaccine to complete a rigorous and scientific vaccine development process. China and Russia approved COVID-19 vaccines² without waiting for results from large trials known as Phase 3 trials.

这种疫苗由美国制药商辉瑞和德国生物科技公司BioNTech联合开发，它是世界上首个完成严格而科学的疫苗开发过程的新冠疫苗。中国和俄罗斯没等3期大型试验结果出来就批准了新冠疫苗。

Britain's Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) said it used a "rolling review" to study as information became available from Pfizer during the trials. The process permitted the agency to approve the vaccine in a short amount of time.

英国药品和保健产品管理局表示，由于辉瑞公司试验期间的信息已经公布，因此它采用“滚动审查”进行研究。这一过程使得该机构得以在短时间内批准该疫苗。

The approval came just 12 days after Pfizer and BioNTech said they were requesting emergency use approval from regulatory agencies around the world. Final results from the large Phase 3 study found the vaccine to be 95 percent effective against COVID-19.

在辉瑞和BioNTech表示他们正向全球监管机构申请紧急使用授权仅仅12天之后，就在英国获得了批准。3期大型试验的最终结果发现，该疫苗对新冠肺炎的有效率为95%。

Dr. June Raine, the chief executive of MHRA said, "The safety of the public will always come first." She added, "And I emphasize again that this recommendation has only been given by the MHRA following the most rigorous scientific assessment³ of every piece of data."

英国药品和保健产品管理局首席执行官琼·蕾妮博士表示：“公众安全始终是第一位。”她还表示：“我再次强调，只有在对每条数据进行最严格的科学评估之后，英国药品和保健产品管理局才会给出这种建议。”

British Health Secretary Matt Hancock told the British Broadcasting Corporation that "help is on its way." He added, "When this vaccine is rolled out, things will get better. We will start that process next week."

英国卫生部长马特·汉考克对英国广播公司表示，“救星就要到了。”他还表示：“当这种疫苗推出时，情况就会好起来。我们将在下周开始接种过程。”

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will meet on December 10 to consider Pfizer's emergency use request. The agency will meet again on December 17 to look at American drug-maker Moderna's emergency use request for its vaccine.

美国食品和药品管理局将于12月10日开会审议辉瑞公司提交的紧急使用申请。该机构将于12月17日再次开会，研究美国莫德纳公司对其疫苗的紧急使用申请。

Speaking on the U.S. television news program Good Morning America Wednesday, Dr. Moncef Slaoui said he "would expect the FDA to reach a similar conclusion" that British officials had reached. In other words, he expects the FDA to approve Pfizer's request. Slaoui is head of the U.S. Operation Warp⁴ Speed program.

蒙塞福·斯劳伊博士周三在美国电视新闻节目《早安美国》上发表讲话时表示，他希望美国食品和药品管理局能够得出跟英国官员已经得出的类似结论。换句话说，他希望美国食品和药品管理局批准辉瑞公司的申请。斯劳伊是“美国曲速行动”的负责人。

The European Medicines Agency said it has received emergency use requests from both Pfizer and Moderna. The agency added its decision "could be issued within weeks."

欧洲药品管理局表示，它已经收到了辉瑞和莫德纳公司的申请。该机构还表示将在数周之内发布其决定。

British regulators are also considering another vaccine, developed by AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford⁵.

英国监管机构还在审查另一种由阿斯利康公司和牛津大学联合开发的疫苗。

Who is first in line for the vaccine?

谁能优先接种疫苗？

Britain said it would start vaccinating⁶ high-risk groups using 800,000 shots from Pfizer's manufacturing center in Belgium early next week. The treatment requires two shots, which means about 400,000 Britons will receive the treatment this year. Pfizer has agreed to supply Britain with 40 million shots of vaccine through 2021.

英国表示将在下周初开始使用来自辉瑞公司比利时制造中心的80万支疫苗为高危人群接种。这种疫苗需要打两针，这意味着今年大约有40万英国人能够得到接种。辉瑞公司已经同意在2021年前向英国提供4000万支疫苗。

"Age is by far the single most important factor in terms of risk from COVID-19," said Wei Shen Lim, head of Britain's COVID-19 vaccine committee.

英国新冠疫苗委员会主席Wei Shen Lim表示：“就新冠肺炎的风险而言，年龄是迄今为止最重要的因素。”

In the United States, a government advisory⁷ group said Tuesday that health care workers and older people in nursing homes should be the first to receive the vaccine treatments. The U.S. is expected to receive 40 million shots of vaccine from Pfizer and Moderna by the end of this year, enough to vaccinate⁸ 20 million people.

美国一家政府咨询小组周二表示，养老院的医护人员和老年人应该首批接种疫苗。到今年年底，美国有望从辉瑞和莫德纳公司获得4000万支疫苗，足够为2000万人接种。

The speed of the rollout will depend on how quickly Pfizer and BioNTech can manufacture the vaccine. The drug-makers said they are adding another manufacturing center in Germany, in addition to two already in Germany, one in Belgium and one in the U.S.

疫苗接种速度将取决于辉瑞和BioNTech公司生产疫苗的速度。这些制药商表示，除了在德国现有两个，比利时和美国各一个制造中心，他们还将在德国新增另一个制造中心。

The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine must be stored and shipped at extremely cold temperatures of around minus 70 degrees Celsius⁹. Pfizer said it has developed shipping¹⁰ containers that use dry ice to keep the vaccines cold. The containers are also equipped with GPS sensors¹¹ to follow their movements.

辉瑞和BioNTech公司联合推出的疫苗必须在大约零下70摄氏度的极低温下存储和运输。辉瑞公司称其已经开发出使用干冰让疫苗保持低温的运输容器。这些容器还配备了GPS传感器以跟踪其移动。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

3 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

4 warp   

vt.弄歪，使翘曲，使不正常，歪曲，使有偏见

参考例句：

• The damp wood began to warp.这块潮湿的木材有些翘曲了。
• A steel girder may warp in a fire.钢梁遇火会变弯。

5 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

6 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。

7 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

8 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

9 Celsius   

adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的

参考例句：

• The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
• The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。

10 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

11 sensors   

n.传感器，灵敏元件( sensor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were more than 2000 sensors here. 这里装有两千多个灵敏元件。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Significant changes have been noted where sensors were exposed to trichloride. 当传感器暴露在三氯化物中时，有很大变化。 来自辞典例句