VOA慢速英语2021 美国疾控中心修订佩戴口罩的指导方针

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, changed its guidelines Tuesday on wearing masks outdoors to prevent coronavirus infection.

美国疾病控制与预防中心（以下简称美国疾控中心）周二修订了在户外佩戴口罩以预防新冠病毒感染的指导方针。

The CDC said fully¹ vaccinated² Americans do not need to continue covering their faces with masks unless they are in a large group of people. It added that even some unvaccinated people can go outside without masks in some situations.

美国疾控中心表示，完全接种疫苗的美国人无需继续佩戴口罩，除非是置身于大量人群当中。它还补充说，在某些情况下，即使未接种疫苗者也可以不戴口罩走出去。

The CDC has been telling Americans since the start of the health crisis to wear masks if they were within two meters of other people.

自这次健康危机爆发以来，美国疾控中心一直要求美国人在与他人相距不到两米时要佩戴口罩。

The decision marked the U.S. government's latest step toward normal conditions. But it came as much of the country already had moved on from mask rules.

这一决定标志着美国政府正朝着正常化迈出的最新一步。但是美国大部分地区早已经抛弃了口罩规定。

In the small town of Oxford³ in Nebraska, the local schools stopped requiring masks last month. It was an easy decision: there were few cases of coronavirus. Local officials were not concerned about guidelines from the CDC.

在内布拉斯加州的牛津小镇，当地学校上个月就开始不再要求佩戴口罩。这个决定很简单，因为当地鲜有新冠病例。地方官员并不关心美国疾控中心的指导方针。

The CDC federal mask guidelines just did not seem to fit local conditions. In the town of about 800 people, very few wear a mask. Saying the town did not pay attention to federal guidelines, the head of Southern Valley, Bryce Jorgensen, added "you just can't compare Chicago to Oxford, Nebraska. Things are just different."

美国疾控中心的联邦口罩指导方针似乎并不适用于当地状况。在这个大约有800人口的小镇上，很少有人你戴口罩。这个南部谷地的负责人布莱斯·乔根森表示，该镇并不关心联邦指导方针，并表示，“你不能将芝加哥跟内布拉斯加州的牛津小镇相提并论。情况太不一样了。”

On the same day as the CDC decision, Louisiana's Democratic governor removed part of the state's mask requirement. Around the country, local government leaders have been doing away with mask rules. Alabama's governor did not renew the state's mask requirement law earlier this month.

在美国疾控中心修订指导方针的同一天，路易斯安那州的民主党州长删除了该州的部分口罩要求。在美国各地，地方政府领导人一直在废除口罩规定。阿拉巴马州州长本月初没有延长该州口罩规定的有效期。

In Montgomery, Alabama, 73-year-old Judy Adams said she has not worn a mask outside since the early days of the pandemic a year ago. She usually wears them only to enter stores that require them. "It's not helping," she said of mask rules. "This is about control and fear."

在阿拉巴马州的蒙哥马利市，73岁的朱迪·亚当斯表示，自一年前大流行爆发的初期开始，她就没在户外戴过口罩。她通常只有在进入有强制要求的商店时才戴上口罩。她谈到口罩规定时表示：“它根本无济于事，这完全就是为了控制和恐慌。”

The federal government has struggled to create public health rules that all states can follow. The CDC has released guidelines on masks, social distancing, travel and other activities. But, it is state governors who decide if they will be enforced.

联邦政府一直在努力制定所有州都可以遵循的公共卫生准则。美国疾控中心发布了有关口罩、保持社交距离、旅行等活动的指导方针。但是由各州州长决定是否执行这些规定。

On Tuesday, CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said: "Over the past year, we have spent a lot of time telling Americans what you can't do. Today, I am going to tell you some of the things you can do, if you are fully vaccinated."

美国疾控中心主任萝谢尔·瓦伦斯基博士表示：“过去一年，我们花了很多时间告诉美国人不能做什么。今天，我们要告诉美国人，如果你完全接种了疫苗，你可以做什么。”

The CDC says that both vaccinated and unvaccinated people do not have to wear masks outdoors when they walk, bike or run alone or with members of their household. An unvaccinated person can also go without a mask when outdoors with those who are vaccinated. But unvaccinated people should wear masks when with other unvaccinated people, the CDC said.

美国疾控中心表示，在户外单独步行、骑车、跑步或是与家人在一起时，无论是否接种疫苗，都无需佩戴口罩。某位未接种疫苗者在户外与已接种疫苗人群接触时也无需佩戴口罩。但是美国疾控中心表示，未接种疫苗者之间相互接触时应该戴上口罩。

In addition, the CDC said everyone, fully vaccinated or not, should keep wearing masks at outdoor events made up of large groups, such as sporting events.

此外美国疾控中心表示，无论是否完全接种，在参与体育比赛之类有大量人群聚集的户外活动时都应该佩戴口罩。

The CDC also says that continuing to wear a mask in public places is still the safest thing to do, even for those who have been vaccinated.

美国疾控中心还表示，即使已经接种了疫苗，在公共场所继续佩戴口罩仍然是最安全的选择。

The change comes as more than 50 percent of U.S. adults have received at least one dose of vaccine⁴, and more than 33 percent have been fully vaccinated.

这次修订指导方针的原因是超过50%的美国成年人已经接种了至少一针疫苗，而超过33%的美国成年人已经完全接种了疫苗。

Walensky said the decision was the result of increasing vaccinations⁵ as well as decreases in new cases. New research shows that less than 10 percent of cases are spread outdoors.

瓦伦斯基表示，这一决定是疫苗接种人数增加以及新增病例减少的结果。最新研究表示，只有不到10%的病例是在户外感染。

In Plano, Texas, Rob Webster, a 49-year-old church employee, said the new guidelines sound "reasonable." But he still has concerns.

德克萨斯州普莱诺市一位49岁的教会员工表示，新的指导方针听上去更合理。但是他仍然很担心。

"I don't know if I were around a group of people who weren't wearing masks, are they really vaccinated?...It makes me maybe a little more fearful and less trusting of the people around me," he said.

他说：“我不知道身边这群不戴口罩的人是否真的已经接种了疫苗。这使我可能会对周围的人更加担心和不信任。”

1 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

2 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

3 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

4 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

5 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》