VOA新闻杂志2022 2022年发生了什么?

Sometimes, what does not happen is what matters most.

有时，没有发生的事情才是最重要的。

By the evening of February 25 this year, Russia's troops had reached the edge of Kyiv, Ukraine's capital.

到今年2月25日晚上，俄罗斯军队已经抵达乌克兰首都基辅的边缘。

The day before, Russian troops had crossed into Ukraine in the largest military attack in Europe since World War II.

前一天，俄罗斯军队越境进入乌克兰，这是二战以来欧洲最大规模的军事袭击。

Ukraine's defense¹ ministry² urged its people to build bombs to fight off the invaders³.

乌克兰国防部敦促其人民制造炸弹以击退入侵者。

President Volodymyr Zelenskyy filmed himself on the streets of the city, promising⁴ to defend his country.

总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基在该市的街道上拍摄自己，承诺保卫他的国家。

"Tonight, they will launch an assault," Zelenskyy said.

泽连斯基说：“今晚，他们将发动进攻。”

"All of us must understand what awaits us. We must withstand this night."

“我们所有人都必须明白等待我们的是什么。我们必须抵御今晚的攻击。”

Many had expected a quick Russian victory.

许多人曾预计俄罗斯会迅速取得胜利。

But the assault never came.

但攻击没有到来。

And 10 months later, Russia has pulled back its "special military operation" in some places.

10个月后，俄罗斯撤回了在一些地方的“特殊军事行动”。

Russian forces still control large areas of Ukraine's east and south.

俄罗斯军队仍控制着乌克兰东部和南部的大片地区。

At least 40,000 civilians⁵ have been killed and 14 million displaced in the conflict.

在这场冲突中，至少有4万名平民丧生，1400万人流离失所。

But Ukrainian forces, supported by billions of dollars in Western weapons, have effectively fought against the Russians.

但在西方国家提供的数十亿美元武器的支持下，乌克兰军队有效地对抗了俄罗斯军队。

In the United States, the sitting president's party, in this case, President Joe Biden's Democrats⁶, usually loses many seats in the midterm elections.

在美国，现任总统所在的政党，即乔·拜登总统所在的民主党，通常会在中期选举中失去许多席位。

So, many observers had predicted a large victory for the Republican Party.

因此，许多观察人士曾预测共和党将大获全胜。

The Republicans did win control of the House of Representatives.

共和党确实赢得了众议院的控制权。

But it was a small victory with a majority of fewer than 10 seats.

但共和党只是险胜，多数席位不到10个。

The Republicans ended up losing one seat in the Senate and several more races for governor.

共和党最终在参议院失去了一个席位，并在几次州长竞选中失利。

In economics, most of the world's big central banks waited until March to begin raising interest rates.

在经济方面，世界上大多数大型央行都等到3月才开始加息。

The European Central Bank did not move until July.

欧洲央行直到7月才采取行动。

Some complained that the delay enabled inflation to increase.

有些人抱怨说，拖延导致了通胀加剧。

And some feared that it could be costly⁷ in the long term.

有些人担心，从长远来看，这可能会付出高昂的代价。

There are early signs that inflation may have reached its highest point in some economies.

有早期迹象表明，一些经济体的通胀率可能已经达到最高点。

The price of oil has gone down but could increase as European nations established a price limit on Russian oil products.

石油价格已经下降，但随着欧洲国家对俄罗斯石油产品设定价格限制，油价可能会上涨。

At the United Nations climate talks in Egypt, countries agreed to create a fund to help poor nations threatened by climate disasters.

在埃及举行的联合国气候变化大会上，各国同意建立一个基金，以帮助受气候灾难威胁的贫穷国家。

But they failed to agree on plans to cut emissions⁸ faster.

但他们未能就加快减排的计划达成一致。

Meanwhile, there have been record heatwaves in China, floods in Pakistan and Europe, and glacier⁹ collapses¹¹ in India, Italy and Chile.

与此同时，中国出现了创纪录的热浪，巴基斯坦和欧洲发生了洪水，印度、意大利和智利发生了冰川崩塌。

They were reminders¹² of how fast our planet's climate is warming.

这些事件提醒人们，地球气候变暖的速度有多快。

This was also the year that protests exploded in Iran after the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini.

这一年，在22岁的马赫萨·阿米尼去世后，伊朗爆发了抗议活动。

She was arrested by the morality police for wearing an "improper¹³" head covering called the hijab.

她因未正确佩戴头巾而被道德警察逮捕。

Witnesses said she was beaten, though Iranian officials denied that.

目击者称她遭到殴打，但伊朗官员否认了这一说法。

The protests, led mostly by women, spread throughout the country.

抗议活动主要由女性领导，蔓延到全国各地。

They represented a threat to the government.

她们对政府构成了威胁。

In recent weeks, fewer morality police officers have been seen in Iranian cities.

最近几周，伊朗城市里的道德警察越来越少。

And more women have been walking the city's streets without wearing the hijab.

越来越多的女性不戴头巾走在城市的街道上。

What else happened in 2022?

2022年还发生了什么？

Cryptocurrencies greatly dropped in value following the collapse¹⁰ of FTX, one of the world's largest digital money exchanges.

在全球最大的数字货币交易所之一FTX倒闭后，加密货币的价值大幅缩水。

Elon Musk¹⁴ bought Twitter.

埃隆·马斯克收购了推特。

The billionaire cut half of its workforce¹⁵ and the social media company is in disorder¹⁶.

这位亿万富翁裁掉了推特的一半员工，这家社交媒体公司陷入了混乱。

It was the year Latin America moved to the political left, a ceasefire finally came in Ethiopia's civil war, and North Korea launched more missiles.

这一年，拉美政治向“左”转，埃塞俄比亚内战终于停火，朝鲜发射了更多导弹。

It was also the year Britain lost a queen, gained a king, and saw three Prime Ministers.

也是在这一年，英国失去了一位女王，获得了一位国王，迎来了三位首相。

I'm Dan Novak.

丹·诺瓦克为您播报。

1 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

2 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

3 invaders   

入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They prepared to repel the invaders. 他们准备赶走侵略军。
• The family has traced its ancestry to the Norman invaders. 这个家族将自己的世系追溯到诺曼征服者。

4 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

5 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

6 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

8 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

9 glacier   

n.冰川，冰河

参考例句：

• The glacier calved a large iceberg.冰河崩解而形成一个大冰山。
• The upper surface of glacier is riven by crevasses.冰川的上表面已裂成冰隙。

10 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

11 collapses   

折叠( collapse的第三人称单数 )； 倒塌； 崩溃； （尤指工作劳累后）坐下

参考例句：

• This bridge table collapses. 这张桥牌桌子能折叠。
• Once Russia collapses, the last chance to stop Hitler will be gone. 一旦俄国垮台，抑止希特勒的最后机会就没有了。

12 reminders   

n.令人回忆起…的东西( reminder的名词复数 )；提醒…的东西；（告知该做某事的）通知单；提示信

参考例句：

• The film evokes chilling reminders of the war. 这部电影使人们回忆起战争的可怕场景。
• The strike has delayed the mailing of tax reminders. 罢工耽搁了催税单的投寄。

13 improper   

adj.不适当的，不合适的，不正确的，不合礼仪的

参考例句：

• Short trousers are improper at a dance.舞会上穿短裤不成体统。
• Laughing and joking are improper at a funeral.葬礼时大笑和开玩笑是不合适的。

14 musk   

n.麝香, 能发出麝香的各种各样的植物，香猫

参考例句：

• Musk is used for perfume and stimulant.麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
• She scented her clothes with musk.她用麝香使衣服充满了香味。

15 workforce   

n.劳动大军，劳动力

参考例句：

• A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
• A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。

16 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。